A Problem Solving Approach To Mathematics For Elementary School Teachers (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780135183885
Author: Rick Billstein, Shlomo Libeskind, Johnny Lott, Barbara Boschmans
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11.CR, Problem 20CR
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7. [10 marks]
Let G
=
(V,E) be a 3-connected graph. We prove that for every x, y, z Є V, there is a
cycle in G on which x, y, and z all lie.
(a) First prove that there are two internally disjoint xy-paths Po and P₁.
(b) If z is on either Po or P₁, then combining Po and P₁ produces a cycle on which
x, y, and z all lie. So assume that z is not on Po and not on P₁. Now prove that
there are three paths Qo, Q1, and Q2 such that:
⚫each Qi starts at z;
• each Qi ends at a vertex w; that is on Po or on P₁, where wo, w₁, and w₂ are
distinct;
the paths Qo, Q1, Q2 are disjoint from each other (except at the start vertex
2) and are disjoint from the paths Po and P₁ (except at the end vertices wo,
W1, and w₂).
(c) Use paths Po, P₁, Qo, Q1, and Q2 to prove that there is a cycle on which x, y, and
z all lie. (To do this, notice that two of the w; must be on the same Pj.)
Chapter 11 Solutions
A Problem Solving Approach To Mathematics For Elementary School Teachers (13th Edition)
Ch. 11.1 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS In the drawings below, we...Ch. 11.1 - If two lines, a and b, are perpendicular to the...Ch. 11.1 - Straight railroad tracks are sometime considered a...Ch. 11.1 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS Circles with the same...Ch. 11.1 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS The drawing below shows a...Ch. 11.1 - Answer each of the following and explain your...Ch. 11.1 - Given a line and a point not on the line, explain...Ch. 11.1 - How are pairs of parallel lines and skew lines a....Ch. 11.1 - Is it possible for ABC to have vertex C? Why?Ch. 11.1 - If planes and are distinct planes having points...
Ch. 11.1 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS A line n is perpendicular...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 13MCCh. 11.1 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS a. Sketch three rays that...Ch. 11.1 - Identify a physical object within the classroom to...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 17MCCh. 11.1 - Prob. 18MCCh. 11.1 - Bonn named the line below as ABC. How do you...Ch. 11.1 - A student says that ABBA because AB starts at A...Ch. 11.1 - Lu claims that a line segment has a finite number...Ch. 11.1 - A student claims that if any two planes that do...Ch. 11.1 - A student says that it is actually impossible to...Ch. 11.1 - Cade claims that to make the measure of an angle...Ch. 11.1 - A student says there can be only 360 different...Ch. 11.1 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS On the School Book Page...Ch. 11.1 - On the School Book Page on page 663, compare the...Ch. 11.1 - A formal definition of a line segment is as a...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 1NAEPCh. 11.1 - Lines a and b are parallel to each other. Lines c...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 3NAEPCh. 11.1 - In the map above, which two streets appear to be...Ch. 11.1A - Label each of the following as true or false. If...Ch. 11.1A - Prob. 2ACh. 11.1A - Name two rays that contain a. BC. b. EG.Ch. 11.1A - Given three collinear points A,B,C with B between...Ch. 11.1A - Prob. 5ACh. 11.1A - a. Points A,B,C and D are collinear. In how many...Ch. 11.1A - The following figure is a rectangular box in which...Ch. 11.1A - Assessment Use the following drawing of one of the...Ch. 11.1A - ASSESSMENT Trace each of the following drawings....Ch. 11.1A - ASSESSMENT Determine how many acute angles are...Ch. 11.1A - Identify a physical model for each of the...Ch. 11.1A - Find the measure of each of the following angles....Ch. 11.1A - Assessment a. Perform each of the following...Ch. 11.1A - Assessment Consider a correctly set clock that...Ch. 11.1A - In parts a and b of the following figures,...Ch. 11.1A - Prob. 18ACh. 11.1A - Prob. 19ACh. 11.1A - ASSESSMENT An angle of elevation on an object is...Ch. 11.1A - ASSESSMENT Describe the size of the angles of the...Ch. 11.1B - Label each of the following as true or false. If...Ch. 11.1B - Let C be the set of coplanar lines with a given...Ch. 11.1B - ASSESSMENT Name three points that are not...Ch. 11.1B - ASSESSMENT In each of the following pairs,...Ch. 11.1B - ASSESSMENT On the dot paper below, draw all...Ch. 11.1B - Prob. 7ACh. 11.1B - ASSESSMENT The following figure is a box in which...Ch. 11.1B - Prob. 9ACh. 11.1B - ASSESSMENT Describe each of the following sets of...Ch. 11.1B - ASSESSMENT Determine the number of obtuse angles...Ch. 11.1B - Identify a physical model for each of the...Ch. 11.1B - ASSESSMENT Find the measures of each of the...Ch. 11.1B - a. Perform a following operations. Leave your...Ch. 11.1B - Prob. 15ACh. 11.1B - Assessment In each of the following figures,...Ch. 11.1B - Prob. 17ACh. 11.1B - ASSESSMENT In the figure below, O is the center of...Ch. 11.1B - If the measure of A is 30 more than twice the...Ch. 11.1B - The figure below shows different types of cuts:...Ch. 11.1B - ASSESSMENT An angle of depression on an object is...Ch. 11.1B - Describe the size of the angles of the pie-shaped...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 11.2 - Classify each of the following as true or false....Ch. 11.2 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS Copy and complete...Ch. 11.2 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS On a geoboard or dot...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 6MCCh. 11.2 - Prob. 7MCCh. 11.2 - Milli claims that a rhombus is regular because all...Ch. 11.2 - Jano heard a student say that all squares are...Ch. 11.2 - A student asks if ABCD is a valid name for the...Ch. 11.2 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS A student claims that all...Ch. 11.2 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS Two students are thinking...Ch. 11.2 - MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS On the School Book Page...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 15MCCh. 11.2 - Prob. 16MCCh. 11.2 - Prob. 17MCCh. 11.2 - Prob. 18MCCh. 11.2 - Prob. 19MCCh. 11.2 - Which of the following figures can be formed by...Ch. 11.2 - NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS NAEP...Ch. 11.2 - NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS NAEP...Ch. 11.2A - Can a regular polygon be concave? Explain.Ch. 11.2A - Determine which of the following figures labeled 1...Ch. 11.2A - What is the maximum number of intersection points...Ch. 11.2A - What type of polygon must have a diagonal such...Ch. 11.2A - Describe the shaded region as simply as possible.Ch. 11.2A - If possible, draw the following triangles. If it...Ch. 11.2A - Identify each of the following triangles as...Ch. 11.2A - Determine how many diagonals each of the following...Ch. 11.2A - Draw all lines of symmetry if any exist for each...Ch. 11.2A - Various international signs have symmetries....Ch. 11.2A - Prob. 12ACh. 11.2A - Design symbols that have each of the following...Ch. 11.2A - In each of the following figures, complete the...Ch. 11.2A - Prob. 15ACh. 11.2A - Prob. 16ACh. 11.2A - Complete the following figures so that they have...Ch. 11.2A - Prob. 18ACh. 11.2A - The photograph below is of a Taj Mahal tiling....Ch. 11.2A - Prob. 20ACh. 11.2B - ASSESSMENT Which of the following figures are...Ch. 11.2B - ASSESSMENT Determine which of the following...Ch. 11.2B - ASSESSMENT What is the maximum number of...Ch. 11.2B - ASSESSMENT A pentagon has only two diagonals that...Ch. 11.2B - ASSESSMENT Describe the shaded region as simply as...Ch. 11.2B - Prob. 6ACh. 11.2B - ASSESSMENT Identify each of the following...Ch. 11.2B - Prob. 8ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 9ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 10ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 11ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 12ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 13ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 14ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 15ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 16ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 17ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 18ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 19ACh. 11.2B - Prob. 20ACh. 11.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 4MCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 6MCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 7MCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 8MCCh. 11.3 - Regular hexagons have been used to tile floors....Ch. 11.3 - Lines a and b are cut by transversals c and d. If...Ch. 11.3 - A beam of light from A hits the surface of a...Ch. 11.3 - Find a possible set of measures of the interior...Ch. 11.3 - Draw three different concave polygons. When you...Ch. 11.3 - Draw three concave polygons. Measure all the...Ch. 11.3 - Jan wants to make tiles in the shape of a convex...Ch. 11.3 - A student wonders if there exists a convex decagon...Ch. 11.3 - A student wants to know if a triangle can have two...Ch. 11.3 - In each of the following, name the required...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 21MCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 22MCCh. 11.3 - Design symbols that have each of the following...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 24MCCh. 11.3 - Explain whether the following quilt patterns have...Ch. 11.3 - Find the lines of symmetry, if any, for each of...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 1NAEPCh. 11.3 - In the given figure, what is the measure of angle...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 3NAEPCh. 11.3 - Prob. 4NAEPCh. 11.3A - If three lines all meet in a single point, how...Ch. 11.3A - Prob. 2ACh. 11.3A - Find the measure of a complementary angle, a...Ch. 11.3A - Assessment In ABC, the measure of B is three times...Ch. 11.3A - Prob. 5ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 6ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 7ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 8ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 9ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 10ACh. 11.3A - Find the sum of the measures of the numbered...Ch. 11.3A - Prob. 12ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 13ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 14ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 15ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 16ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 17ACh. 11.3A - Find the measures of ange 1, 2, and 3 given that...Ch. 11.3A - Prob. 19ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 20ACh. 11.3A - Prob. 21ACh. 11.3A - Assessment 11-3A If m(2)=m(3), prove m(1)=m(4).Ch. 11.3A - a. Find the measure of an interior angle of a...Ch. 11.3A - Prob. 24ACh. 11.3A - Suppose a circle circumscribes contains every...Ch. 11.3A - Assessment 11-3A Suppose an isosceles trapezoid...Ch. 11.3B - If two planes intersect in a single line forming...Ch. 11.3B - Assessment 11-3B Find the measures of angle marked...Ch. 11.3B - Prob. 3ACh. 11.3B - Assessment 11-3B An angle measures 15 more than 4...Ch. 11.3B - Prob. 5ACh. 11.3B - Prob. 6ACh. 11.3B - Prob. 7ACh. 11.3B - In part (a), prove that kl .In parts (b)and(c),...Ch. 11.3B - Prob. 9ACh. 11.3B - Prob. 10ACh. 11.3B - Prob. 11ACh. 11.3B - Calculate the measure of each angle of a pentagon,...Ch. 11.3B - The sides of DEF are parallel to the sides of BCA....Ch. 11.3B - In each of the following figures, find the...Ch. 11.3B - Prob. 15ACh. 11.3B - Prob. 16ACh. 11.3B - Prob. 17ACh. 11.3B - Find the measure of x in the figure below.Ch. 11.3B - Prob. 19ACh. 11.3B - Prob. 20ACh. 11.3B - Given the figure shown with AXDY, find the...Ch. 11.3B - Prob. 22ACh. 11.3B - a. Find the measure of an interior angle of a...Ch. 11.3B - Prob. 24ACh. 11.3B - Suppose a circle circumscribes contains every...Ch. 11.3B - Prob. 26ACh. 11.4 - How many possible pairs of bases does a right...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 3MCCh. 11.4 - What is the name of a pyramid that has 9 vertices?Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 5MCCh. 11.4 - What is the minimum number of faces that intersect...Ch. 11.4 - Sketch at least 2 nets for the prism shown below.Ch. 11.4 - Jon asks why a sphere is not a polyhedron. How do...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 13MCCh. 11.4 - Joay asks if his soccer ball is a regular...Ch. 11.4 - Jed has a model of a tetrahedron shown below and...Ch. 11.4 - A net for a right cylinder consists of two figures...Ch. 11.4 - Sketch a net for the lateral surface of a right...Ch. 11.4 - Find the supplement of 181342.Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 20MCCh. 11.4 - Can two adjacent angles be vertical angles?...Ch. 11.4 - How many diagonals are there in a decagon?Ch. 11.4 - In a regular 20-gon, what is the measure of each...Ch. 11.4 - If mn find m(1).Ch. 11.4 - The solids shown have bases that are regular...Ch. 11.4 - Kyle makes a 3-dimensional shape using 3...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 3NAEPCh. 11.4 - The figure above shown a pyramid with a square...Ch. 11.4 - Which of the following geometric solids has both...Ch. 11.4A - Identify each of the following polyhedral. If a...Ch. 11.4A - Prob. 2ACh. 11.4A - Given the tetrahedron shown, name the following....Ch. 11.4A - Prob. 4ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 5ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 6ACh. 11.4A - Classify each of the following statements as true...Ch. 11.4A - Prob. 8ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 9ACh. 11.4A - Sketch a pyramid that is hexahedron six facesCh. 11.4A - Prob. 11ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 12ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 13ACh. 11.4A - Name the intersection of each of the following...Ch. 11.4A - Prob. 15ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 16ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 17ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 18ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 19ACh. 11.4A - On the left of each of the following figures is a...Ch. 11.4B - Identify each of the following three-dimensional...Ch. 11.4B - The following are pictures of solid cubes lying on...Ch. 11.4B - Prob. 4ACh. 11.4B - Prob. 5ACh. 11.4B - Determine the minimum number of edges possible for...Ch. 11.4B - Prob. 8ACh. 11.4B - Prob. 9ACh. 11.4B - Prob. 10ACh. 11.4B - Prob. 11ACh. 11.4B - Prob. 12ACh. 11.4B - Prob. 13ACh. 11.4B - Prob. 14ACh. 11.4B - Prob. 15ACh. 11.4B - A diagonal of a prism is any segment determined by...Ch. 11.4B - Name the polyhedron that can be constructed using...Ch. 11.4B - On the left of each of the following figure is a...Ch. 11.4B - Answer each of the following questions about a...Ch. 11.4B - A soccer ball resembles a polyhedron with 32 faces...Ch. 11.CR - Prob. 1CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 3CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 4CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 5CRCh. 11.CR - a. Can a triangle have two obtuse angles? Justify...Ch. 11.CR - In a certain triangle, the measure of one angle is...Ch. 11.CR - If ABC is a right angles triangle and m(A)=42,...Ch. 11.CR - Prob. 9CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 10CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 11CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 12CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 13CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 14CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 15CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 16CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 18CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 19CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 20CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 21CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 22CRCh. 11.CR - Sketch three planes that intersect in a point. a....Ch. 11.CR - In each of the following figures, determine the...Ch. 11.CR - Prob. 25CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 27CRCh. 11.CR - Verify Eulers formula (VE+F=2) for figures d, e,...Ch. 11.CR - Prob. 29CRCh. 11.CR - Prob. 30CRCh. 11.CR - Carefully draw nets that can be folded into each...Ch. 11 - Now try this a. Can skew lines have a point in...Ch. 11 - Now try this Convert 8.42 to degrees, minutes and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5NTCh. 11 - Prob. 8NT
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- 6. [10 marks] Let T be a tree with n ≥ 2 vertices and leaves. Let BL(T) denote the block graph of T. (a) How many vertices does BL(T) have? (b) How many edges does BL(T) have? Prove that your answers are correct.arrow_forward4. [10 marks] Find both a matching of maximum size and a vertex cover of minimum size in the following bipartite graph. Prove that your answer is correct. ย ພarrow_forward5. [10 marks] Let G = (V,E) be a graph, and let X C V be a set of vertices. Prove that if |S||N(S)\X for every SCX, then G contains a matching M that matches every vertex of X (i.e., such that every x X is an end of an edge in M).arrow_forward
- Q/show that 2" +4 has a removable discontinuity at Z=2i Z(≥2-21)arrow_forwardRefer to page 100 for problems on graph theory and linear algebra. Instructions: • Analyze the adjacency matrix of a given graph to find its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. • Interpret the eigenvalues in the context of graph properties like connectivity or clustering. Discuss applications of spectral graph theory in network analysis. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS3IZ9qoHazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 110 for problems on optimization. Instructions: Given a loss function, analyze its critical points to identify minima and maxima. • Discuss the role of gradient descent in finding the optimal solution. . Compare convex and non-convex functions and their implications for optimization. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qo Hazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward
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