Chapter 11.5, Problem 53E

(a)

To determine

To calculate:

The distance between lines and the length of the needle.

(b)

To determine

Whether the needle ‘hits’ a line or not when dropped onto the paper 100 times.

(c)

To determine

To calculate: The probability $p$ for considered data and also whether this value is theoretical or empirical.

(d)

To determine

To calculate:

The approximate value for $\pi$ rounding up-to four decimal places for the provided empirical formula.

(e)

To determine

To calculate: The value of $\pi$ obtained from simulation and how far off is it from the correct value.