Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134746241
Author: Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 7LR
Given your understanding of the relationship between ocean water temperature, salinity, and density, where would you expect surface water to sink and initiate a deep-water current In the Atlantic Ocean? Explain your choice
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44) In periglacial environments, the layer of ground that thaws every summer and freezes every winter is called
A) frost layer
B) permafrost
C) active layer
D) discontinuous permafrost
Use the attached piezometer map to make your own, clean version of the map, and indicate the elevation of the water table at all piezometer locations.
Draw equipotential lines (lines of equal water table elevation) using regular intervals – creating a contoured map of the water table.
Determine the direction of groundwater flow based on the horizontal gradient. Label the areas of recharge and discharge directly on your map.
Flow lines: Draw flow lines on your water table map. The lines should be at right angles to the equipotential lines and extend from the recharge area to the discharge area.
Hydraulic Gradient, Specific Discharge (Darcy Flux), Average Linear Velocity:
Using your water table map, estimate an average hydraulic gradient between two locations, call them locations A and B, one at the eastern-most and a second at the western-most extent of your dataset (note the north arrow on the map).
Calculate the specific discharge, q, between the two locations. For this calculation…
Calculate all the values of table 1:
Q in (L/day)
Q out (L/day)
Residence time (days)
Please show all steps
Chapter 11 Solutions
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Ch. 11.1A - Prob. 1ACh. 11.1A - Which ocean covers the greatest area?Ch. 11.1A - Which ocean is almost entirely in the Southern...Ch. 11.1B - Prob. 1ACh. 11.1B - What percentage of Earths surface is land?Ch. 11.1B - Referring to Figure 11.1 which hemisphere,...Ch. 11.1B - Use Figure 11.2, which shows the distribution of...Ch. 11.1B - Using the data from Question 4, calculate the...Ch. 11.1B - Using Questions 4 and 5 as a guide, calculate the...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 1A
Ch. 11.2 - The data in Table 11.1 were gathered by a ship...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 1ACh. 11.3 - Draw a line down the middle axis of the...Ch. 11.3 - Is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge best described as a...Ch. 11.3 - Label the Puerto Rico trench.Ch. 11.3 - Describe the shape of the Puerto Rico trench.Ch. 11.3 - Label the continental shelf along the coasts of...Ch. 11.3 - Describe the size of the continental shelf that...Ch. 11.3 - Circle the area along the east coast of the United...Ch. 11.3 - Label two abyssal plains.Ch. 11.3 - Label a seamount.Ch. 11.3 - Carefully examine the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at one...Ch. 11.3 - Draw a line down the middle axis of the...Ch. 11.4A - Prob. 1ACh. 11.4A - Prob. 2ACh. 11.4A - How did adding salt to solution B affect the...Ch. 11.4B - Prob. 1ACh. 11.4B - Which latitudes in the Atlantic Ocean have the...Ch. 11.4B - What are two factors that control the salinity of...Ch. 11.4B - Why is the salinity of the surface waters the...Ch. 11.4B - Does the Atlantic Ocean or Pacific Ocean have a...Ch. 11.4B - In general, does salinity increase or decrease...Ch. 11.4B - In the subtropics, why are the surface salinities...Ch. 11.4B - The halocline halo = salt, cline = slope is a...Ch. 11.4B - Does the salinity of ocean water below the...Ch. 11.4B - In winter, sea ice forms in the polar latitudes....Ch. 11.5A - Prob. 1ACh. 11.5A - Given equal Salinities, does cold or warm seawater...Ch. 11.5B - Prob. 1ACh. 11.5B - Do the highest surface densities occur in...Ch. 11.5B - Describe the relationship between ocean-surface...Ch. 11.5B - Ocean-surface temperatures are colder at 60 S...Ch. 11.5B - Refer to the density curve in Figure 11.11 and the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1LRCh. 11 - Explain how an echo sounder is used to determine...Ch. 11 - Complete each of the following statements with the...Ch. 11 - Summarize the results of the salinity-density...Ch. 11 - On the ocean basin profile in Figure 11.12, label...Ch. 11 - Why is the surface salinity of the ocean higher in...Ch. 11 - Given your understanding of the relationship...Ch. 11 - Refer to the salinity-density experiment you...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9LRCh. 11 - Processes that decrease seawater salinity include...
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