Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134168296
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 5MC
A test cross is used to determine
a. the genotype of an organism with a
b. the genotype of an organism with a phenotypically recessive trait.
c. the genotype of an organism showing pleiotropic effects of a gene.
d. if a trait is inherited polygenically.
Expert Solution & Answer
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Students have asked these similar questions
Identify the term that best matches the definition or description given.
a. incomplete dominance
b. codominance
f. linked genes
g. sex-linked trait
h. bioinformatics
c. heterozygous advantage
d. continuous variation
i. genetic profile
j. genomics
e. polygenic trait
61. a trait controlled by many genes
62. a trait found on the X or Y chromosome
63. Neither allele completely conceals the other.
64. when there is a survival benefit to individuals with two different alleles
65. using computer technology to analyze databases of information
66. Both alleles are equally expressed.
67. genes that are on the same chromosome
68. a range in gene expression resulting from the activity of many genes
69. the complete genotype of an individual
70. the study of the complex interactions in genes resulting in phenotypes
A heterozygous individual is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual.
a. Draw a Punnett square to represent this cross.
b. What is the probability that an offspring will have a homozygous genotype?
c. What is the probability that an offspring will have a dominant phenotype?
d. What is the probability that three offspring will be produced that all carry the recessive allele but do not express the recessive phenotype?
a. State a hypothesis explaining the inheritance
of flower color in painted tongues.
b. Assign genotypes to the parents, F₁ progeny,
and F2 progeny for all five crosses.
c. In a cross between true-breeding yellow and
true-breeding lavender plants, all of the F1
progeny are bronze. If you used F₁ plants to
produce and F2 generation, what phenotypes in
what ratios would you expect? Are there any
genotypes that might produce a phenotype
that you cannot predict from earlier
experiments, and if so, how might this alter the
phenotypic ratios among the F2 progeny?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 11 - The physical position of a gene on a chromosome is...Ch. 11 - If an organism has two different alleles (call the...Ch. 11 - Independent assortment means that a. two genes...Ch. 11 - If a gene is located on the X chromosome of a...Ch. 11 - 5. A test cross is used to determine
a. the...Ch. 11 - An organism is described as Rr, with red coloring....Ch. 11 - 2. The inheritance of multiple traits depends on...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3FTBCh. 11 - 4. Genes that are present on one sex chromosome...Ch. 11 - 5. When the phenotype of heterozygotes is...
Ch. 11 - 1. Define the following terms: gene, allele,...Ch. 11 - 2. Explain why genes located on the same...Ch. 11 - 3. Define polygenic inheritance. Why does...Ch. 11 - What is sex linkage? In mammals, which sex would...Ch. 11 - What is the difference between a phenotype and a...Ch. 11 - 6. In the pedigree of part (a) of Figure 11–22, do...Ch. 11 - Sometimes the term gene is used rather casually....Ch. 11 - In an alternate universe, all the genes in all...
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- What can you assert regarding cytoplasmic inherited traits? A. extensive phenotypic variation exhibited, even within a single family B. reciprocal crosses that give different results C. All of the answers are correct. D. usually inherited from one parent, typically the maternal parent E. present in both males and femalesarrow_forwardChoose the statement that is incorrect.a. A son can inherit a recessive allele on anX chromosome from either parent.b. An individual may inherit three or more of eachtype of chromosome characteristic of the species, acondition called polyploidy.c. A female child inherits one X chromosome from hermother and one from her father.d. Pedigree analysis can be used to determine a futurechild’s chance of being born with achondroplasiaarrow_forwardPlease helparrow_forward
- Which are the following are TRUE for test crosses? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a They are useful when the genotype of a dominant phenotype is unknown. b They are always done by crossing the dominant phenotype to a homozygous recessive individual for that trait. c This test is always done in humans. d A + B e A + C f B + Carrow_forwardIdentify genetic terms and basic principles of genetics as applied to blood groups, sex-linkage, and other inherited characteristics. a. Genetics b. Inheritance theory c. Sex-linked characteristics d. Linkagearrow_forwardWhich of the following must be true about the inheritance the trait depicted in the pedigree diagram below. A. it is recessive B. It is dominant C. It is on the X chromosome D. There is not enough information to determine the mechanism of inheritancearrow_forward
- Trait W is found in the individuals represented by the shaded symbols in the following pedigree. Trait W is rare in the general population.Which of the following patterns of transmission is consistent with this pedigree? Select one: a. Autosomal recessive b. X-linked dominant c. X-linked recessive d. Autosomal dominantarrow_forwardSnapdragons (a type of flower) are incompletely dominant for color; they have phenotypes red, pink, or white. The red flowers are homozygous dominant, the white flowers are homozygous recessive, and the pink flowers are heterozygous. Give the genotypes for each of the phenotypes, using the letters “R" and "w" for alleles. c. White snapdragon a. Red snapdragon Genotype: b. Pink snapdragon Genotype: Genotype: Show genetic crosses between the following snapdragon parents, using the Punnett squares provided, and record the genotypic and phenotypic ratios. a. Pink x pink b. red x white c. pink x white Genotypic ratio: Genotypic ratio: Genotypic ratio: Phenotypic ratio: Phenotypic ratio: Phenotypic ratio:arrow_forwardWhich of the following cannot be true about the inheritance the trait depicted in the pedigree diagram below? A. It is recessive B. It is dominant C. It is on the X chromosome D. There is not enough information to determine the mechanism of inheritancearrow_forward
- Trait W is found in the individuals represented by the shaded symbols in the following pedigree. Trait W is rare in the general population.Which of the following patterns of transmission is consistent with this pedigree? Select one: a. Autosomal recessive b. X-linked dominant c. X-linked recessive d. Autosomal dominantarrow_forwardWhich of the following is false, regarding the law of segregation? A. It states that each of two alleles for a given trait segregate into different gametes. B. It can be explained by the segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis. C. It can account for the 3:1 ratio seen in the F2 generation of Mendel's crosses. D. It can be used to predict the likelihood of transmission of certain genetic diseases within families.arrow_forwardWhen a disease is due to polygenic inheritance, the following is probably true: A. Many factors, both genetic and environmental, contribute to the disease traits. B. It is caused by one gene with a large number of alleles. C. It affects a large number of people. D. It has many different symptomsarrow_forward
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