OPENINTRO:STATISTICS
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781943450077
Author: OPENINTRO
Publisher: amazon.com
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 1.1, Problem 2E
(a)
To determine
Obtain the percent of patients in the treatment group, who experienced improvement in symptoms.
(b)
To determine
Obtain the percent of patients in the control group, who experienced improvement in symptoms.
(c)
To determine
Identify the group that has a higher percentage of patients, who experience improvement in symptoms.
(d)
To determine
Provide a possible explanation for the observed difference between the percentages of patients in the antibiotic and placebo treatment groups who experience improvement in the symptoms of sinusitis.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A medical researcher wants to test the effectiveness of a new drug in treating a certain disease. They randomly assigned 100 patients to two groups: one group received the new drug, and the other group received a placebo. After a month, they measured the patients' symptom severity on a scale of 1 to 10. The researcher found that the mean symptom severity score for the group that received the new drug was lower than the mean score for the group that received the placebo. How can the researcher test the hypothesis that the new drug is effective in treating the disease? What statistical test should they use?
Treatment versus Control An experiment was conducted to test the effect of a new drug on a viral infection.
The infection was induced in 100 mice, and the mice were randomly split into two groups of 50. The first group,
the control group, received no treatment for the infection. The second group received the drug. After a 30-day
period, the proportions of survivors, p1 and p2, in the two groups were found to be 0.36 and 0.60, respectively. Is
there sufficient evidence to indicate that the drug is effective in treating the viral infection? Use a=0.05.
In the article “Explaining an Unusual Allergy,” appearing on the Everyday Health Network, Dr. A. Feldweg explained that allergy to sulfites is usually seen in patients with asthma. The typical reaction is a sudden increase in asthma symptoms after eating a food containing sulfites. Studies are performed to estimate the percentage of the nation’s 10 million asthmatics who are allergic to sulfites. In one survey, 38 of 500 randomly selected U.S. asthmatics were found to be allergic to sulfites. Find and interpret a 95% confidence interval for the proportion p of all U.S. asthmatics who are allergic to sulfites.
Chapter 1 Solutions
OPENINTRO:STATISTICS
Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 1GPCh. 1.1 - Prob. 1ECh. 1.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 2GPCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3GPCh. 1.2 - Prob. 4GPCh. 1.2 - Prob. 6GPCh. 1.2 - Prob. 7GPCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 4E
Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 9GPCh. 1.3 - Prob. 11GPCh. 1.3 - Prob. 12GPCh. 1.3 - Prob. 13GPCh. 1.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 1.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 16GPCh. 1.4 - Prob. 17GPCh. 1.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 1.4 - Prob. 34ECh. 1 - Prob. 35ECh. 1 - Prob. 36ECh. 1 - Prob. 37ECh. 1 - Prob. 38ECh. 1 - Prob. 39CECh. 1 - Prob. 40CECh. 1 - Prob. 41CECh. 1 - Prob. 42CECh. 1 - Prob. 43CECh. 1 - Prob. 44CE
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Treatment for depression: Researchers conducted a study of 18 patients whose depression had not responded to treatment (Zarate, 2006). Half received one intravenous dose of ketamine, hypothesized quick fix for depression; half received one intravenous dose of placebo. Far more of the patients who received ketamine improved, as measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, usually in less than 2 hours, than patients on placebo. a.What is the population of interest, and what is the sample in the study? b. Was random selection likely used? Explain your answer. c. Was random assignment likely used? Explain your answer. d. What is the independent variable and what are the levels? What is the dependent variable? e. What is the null hypothesis and what is the research hypothesis? f. What decision did the researchers make? (Respond using the language of inferential statistics.) g. If the researchers were incorrect in their decision, what kind of error did they make? Explain your answer.…arrow_forward1.2 Sinusitis and antibiotics. Researchers studying the effect of antibiotic treatment for acute sinusitis compared to symptomatic treatments randomly assigned 166 adults diagnosed with acute sinusitis to one of two groups: treatment or control. Study participants received either a 10-day course of amoxicillin (an antibiotic) or a placebo similar in appearance and taste. The placebo consisted of symptomatic treatments such as acetaminophen, nasal decongestants, etc. At the end of the 10-day period patients were asked if they experienced significant improvement in symptoms. The distribution of responses is summarized below.52 Group Treatment Control Total Self-reported significant improvement in symptoms No 19 16 35 Yes 66 65 131 Total 85 81 166 (a) What percent of patients in the treatment group experienced a significant improvement in symptoms? What percent in the control group? (b) Based on your findings in part (a), which treatment appears to be more effective for sinusitis? (c) Do…arrow_forwardA phamaceutical company wants to test the effectiveness of a new allergy drug. The company identifies 250 females 30-35 years old who suffer from severe allergies. The subjects are randomly assigned into two groups. One group is given the new allergy drug and the other is given a placebo that looks exactly like the new allergy drug. After six months, the subjects' symptoms are studied and compared. Answer parts (a) through (c) below. O B. The experimental units are the symptoms from the drug. The treatment is the new allergy drug. O C. The experimental unit is the new allergy drug. The treatments are the severe allergies the patients suffer from. O D. The experimental units are the 30- to 35-year-old females being given the treatment. The treatment is the new allergy drug. (b) Identify a potential problem with the experiment design being used and suggest a way to improve it. Choose the correct answer below. O A. There may be a bias on the part of the patients since they do not know if…arrow_forward
- In an article about unusual allergies, a doctor explained that allergy to sulfites is usually seen in patients with asthma. The typical reaction is a sudden increase in asthma symptoms after eating a food containing sulfites. Studies are performed to estimate the percentage of the nation's 10 million asthmatics who are allergic to sulfites. In one survey, 32 of 400 randomly selected asthmatics in the country were found to be allergic to sulfites. Find and interpret a 90% confidence interval for the proportion, p, of all asthmatics in the country who are allergic to sulfites. Click here to view page 1 of the table of areas under the standard normal curve. Click here to view page 2 of the table of areas under the standard normal curve. to The 90% confidence interval is from (Round to three decimal places as needed.)arrow_forwardA medical journal reported on an experiment intended to see if a certain drug could be used as a treatment for the eating disorder anorexia nervosa. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. Of the 98 who received this drug, 70 were deemed healthy a year later, compared to 50 of the 88 who got the placebo. What is the population for this study? Is this an experimental study? Explain. What is the explanatory variable? What is the response variable? Complete the 2x2 table of counts.arrow_forwardA clinical psychologist is interested in the effect of a new treatment for treating depression. She randomly divides her clients into two groups. One group receives the new treatment and the other group receives the old treatment (control group). At the end of treatment, she assesses the severity of their depression on a scale ranging from 0 to 20 (higher scores indicate greater depression). Was there a significant difference in depression scores between the two treatments? New Treatment Old Treatment 2 7 5 10 3 6 8 8 11 4 4 8 6 10 4 4arrow_forward
- Prenatal vitamins and Autism. Researchers studying the link between prenatal vitamin use and autism surveyed the mothers of a random sample of children aged 24 - 60 months with autism and conducted another separate random sample for children with typical development. The table below shows the number of mothers in each group who did and did not use prenatal vitamins during the three months before pregnancy.arrow_forwardA group of disabled women ages 65 and older were followed for several years. It was found that those who had a vitamin B12 deficiency were twice as likely to suffer from severe depressions than those who did not.a. Describe the type of study being performed.b. Describe the explanatory variable(s) and response variable(s).arrow_forwardIn an article about unusual allergies, a doctor explained that allergy to sulfites is usually seen in patients with asthma. The typical reaction is a sudden increase in asthma symptoms after eating a food containing sulfites. Studies are performed to estimate the percentage of the nation's 10 million asthmatics who are allergic to sulfites. In one survey, 22 of 400 randomly selected asthmatics in the country were found to be allergic to sulfites. Find and interpret a 90% confidence interval for the proportion, p, of all asthmatics in the country who are allergic to sulfites. Click here to view page 1 of the table of areas under the standard normal curve. Click here to view page 2 of the table of areas under the standard normal curve. The 90% confidence interval is from to. (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Interpret the confidence interval. Choose the correct answer below. O A. With 90% confidence, the true proportion of all asthmatics in the country who are allergic to…arrow_forward
- Individuals with strong religious beliefs often turn to their faith to cope with stressful life events. Relying on God's love and caring is referred to as positive religious coping. Andrea Phelps and her colleagues studied the relationship between positive religious coping and the type of care received by terminally ill cancer patients. Most of the patients in the study were Christian. [Source: Phelps, A. et al., "Religious coping and use of intensive life-prolonging care near death in patients with advanced cancer." Journal of the American Medical Association, 301 (2009): 1140-1147.] Suppose another researcher conducts a similar study but uses a sample of patients whose religious traditions are more varied than the patients in the Phelps study. He samples 400 terminally ill patients to see whether their practicing a religion is related to how likely they are to seek intensive life-prolonging care. The following table shows the results of the study. Observed Frequencies Seeks Intensive…arrow_forwardIn an article about unusual allergies, a doctor explained that allergy to sulfites is usually seen in patients with asthma. The typical reaction is a sudden increase in asthma symptoms after eating a food containing sulfites. Studies are performed to estimate the percentage of the nation's 10 million asthmatics who are allergic to sulfites. In one survey, 39 of 600 randomly selected asthmatics in the country were found to be allergic to sulfites. Find and interpret a 95% confidence interval for the proportion, p, of all asthmatics in the country who are allergic to sulfites. Click here to view page 1 of the table of areas under the standard normal curve. Click here to view page 2 of the table of areas under the standard normal curve. to The 95% confidence interval is from (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Interpret the confidence interval. Choose the correct answer below. O A. There is a 95% probability that the sample proportion of all asthmatics in the country who are…arrow_forwardGreen Tea and Prostate Cancer A preliminary study suggests a benefit from green tea for those at risk of prostate cancer. The study involved 60 men with PIN lesions, some of which turn into prostate cancer. Half the men, randomly determined, were given 600 mg a day of a green tea extract while the other half were given a placebo. The study was double-blind, and the results after one year are shown in the table below. Treatment Cancer No Cancer Green Tea 1 29 Placebo 9 21 (a) Test at a 5% significant level to see if the sample provide evidence that taking green tea extract reduces the risk of developing prostate cancer. (b) Find 98% confidence interval for the difference between two population proportions of men with PIN lesions who get prostate cancer after taking green tea extract and after taking placebo for a year. Interpret the C.I. result.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition...AlgebraISBN:9780547587776Author:HOLT MCDOUGALPublisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition...
Algebra
ISBN:9780547587776
Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Publisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...
Algebra
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:McGraw Hill
Hypothesis Testing - Solving Problems With Proportions; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76VruarGn2Q;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing and Confidence Intervals (FRM Part 1 – Book 2 – Chapter 5); Author: Analystprep;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vth3yZIUlGQ;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY