Concept explainers
Give an acceptable IUPAC name for each of the following compounds:
Interpretation:
The acceptable IUPAC name for each of the given compounds is to be deteremined.
Concept introduction:
Alkanes have the general formula
The parent chain in each of hydrocarbon structure is first identified and the chain is numbered such that the substituents attached get lowest numbers.
Prefixes are used to denote the number of identical substituents.
The substituents are written in alphabetical order while writing the IUPAC name.
If the two groups of atoms that are the higher priority are on the same side of the double bond, then the bond is termed as the Z-configuration. While if the two group of higher priority are on the opposite side then the configuration is E-configuration.
Answer to Problem 27P
Solution:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Explanation of Solution
a) The expanded structure for the given structure can be drawn as follows:
In the above structure, the parent chain is the continuous chain from
Thus, the IUPAC name is
b) The structure for the given compound is as follows:
In the above structure, the parent longest chain is from
Thus, the IUPAC name is
c) The structure for the given compound and its expanded structure is as follows:
In the above structure, the parent longest chain is from
Thus, the IUPAC name is
d) The structure for the given compound is as follows:
In the above structure, the parent ring contains six carbon atoms, so the parent name of the cycloalkane is cyclohexane. There are two double bonds in the given compound, the first one exist in between
Considering the Cahn–Ingold–Prelog sequence rules, for the cyclohexadiene, the higher priority groups are on the same side in both the double bonds. Hence, both get the stereochemical label as Z.
Thus, the IUPAC name of this structure is
e) The structure for the given compound is as follows:
In the above structure, the parent longest chain is from
For double bonds at
For the internal double bond at carbon
Thus, the IUPAC name is
f) The structure for the given compound is as follows:
In the above structure, the parent longest chain is from
Thus, the IUPAC name is
g) The structure for the given compound is as follows:
In the above structure, the parent ring contains twelve carbon atoms, so the parent name of the cycloalkane is cyclododecane. There are three double bonds in the given compound, the first one exist in between
For all the three double bonds at
Thus, the IUPAC name of this structure is
h) The structure for the given compound is as follows:
In the above structure, the parent longest chain is from
For the double bonds at
Thus, the IUPAC name is
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Chapter 11 Solutions
CAREY: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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