Chapter 11, Problem 15P

(a)

Summary Introduction

Interpretation:

The mean observed time for each element.

Concept Introduction:

The time taken to complete a particular task is said to be observed time. This is one of the factors which is used to calculate the standard time.

(b)

Summary Introduction

Interpretation:

The normal time for each element.

Concept Introduction:

Normal time also called as the base time or levelled time is the time that a trained worker needs to complete the task at a normal pace.

(c)

Summary Introduction

Interpretation:

The allowance factor of 15 percent of job time, calculate the standard time for each element and for the entire job.

Concept Introduction:

The time required by an average trained worker, working at a usual pace for performing a specific task with the help of a recommended method is termed as standard time.

(d)

Summary Introduction

Interpretation:

The worker performs at $100$ percent of the standard.

Concept Introduction:

The time required by an average trained worker, working at a usual pace for performing a specific task with the help of a recommended method is termed as standard time.

(e)

Summary Introduction

Interpretation:

The worker performs at $110$ percent of the standard.

Concept Introduction:

The time required by an average trained worker, working at a usual pace for performing a specific task with the help of a recommended method is termed as standard time.