22nd Edition

ISBN: 9781265631208

Author: McConnell

Publisher: MCG CUSTOM

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Textbook Question

Chapter 10.3, Problem 13WDYL

Describe the four processes that repeat in crossbridge cycling to cause sarcomere shortening.

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Chapter 10.3, Problem 12WDYL

Chapter 10.3, Problem 14WDYL

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Pluripotent stem cells undergo a number of changes as they progress through developmental stages to become the terminally differentiated cell type known as a skeletal muscle myofiber. a) Describe the stages and key anatomic and functional changes that occur during differentiation of myofibers. b) Despite the fact that myofibers are terminally differentiated, muscle can regenerate itself following a trauma or injury. Describe how this can occur.

A typical relaxed sarcomere is about 2.3 µm in length and contracts to about 2 µm in length. Within the sarcomere, the thin filaments are about 1 um long and the thick filaments are about 1.5 um long. (a) Describe the overlap of thick and thin filaments in the relaxed and contracted sarcomere. (b) An individual "step" by a myosin head in one cycle pulls the thin filament about 15 nm. How many steps must each actin fiber make in one contraction?

As mentioned in class, one additional major use of ATP in skeletal muscle (besides powering the myosin heads) is the recycling of calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum after depolarization. The resting concentration of Ca++ in the muscle cell cytoplasm is about 50-100 nM, and the spike concentration after depolarization is about 10-20 μΜ. a) Consider a single sarcomere. What is the number of free calcium ions within the sarcomere at rest? What is the number of free calcium ions after depolarization? b) The major ion pump responsible for calcium ion recycling is SERCA (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase). SERCA uses one molecule of ATP to pump two calcium ions, and the resting level can be restored in about 10-20 ms. How many molecules of ATP are used in a single sarcomere for pumping calcium in a single "twitch"? c) Assume that a single "twitch" is sufficient to drive one sarcomere from its fully extended length (about 2.5 µm) to its fully contracted length (about 1…

Chapter 10 Solutions

MICROECONOMICS ACCESS (180 DAY) >I<

Ch. 10.1 - What are the five major functions of skeletal...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 2WDYL Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 3WDYL Ch. 10.2 - Draw and label a diagram of a sarcomere.Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 5WDYL Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 6WDYL Ch. 10.2 - Diagram and label the anatomic structures of a...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 8WDYL Ch. 10.3 - What triggers the binding of synaptic vesicles to...Ch. 10.3 - What two events are linked in the physiologic...

Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 11WDYL Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 12WDYL Ch. 10.3 - Describe the four processes that repeat in...Ch. 10.3 - What causes the release of the myosin head from...Ch. 10.3 - How do acetylcholinesterase and Ca2+ pumps...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 16WDYL Ch. 10.4 - What are the various means for making ATP...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 18WDYL Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 19WDYL Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 20WDYL Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 21WDYL Ch. 10.6 - What events are occurring in a muscle that produce...Ch. 10.6 - What is recruitment? Explain its importance in the...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 24WDYL Ch. 10.7 - What is the function of skeletal muscle tone?Ch. 10.7 - When you flex your biceps brachii while doing...Ch. 10.7 - Prob. 27WDYL Ch. 10.7 - How can muscle fatigue result from changes in each...Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 29WDYL Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 30WDYL Ch. 10.9 - What are three anatomic or physiologic differences...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 32WDYL Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 33WDYL Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 34WDYL Ch. 10.10 - What are the steps of smooth muscle contraction?Ch. 10.10 - What unique characteristics of smooth muscle allow...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 37WDYL Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 38WDYL Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 39WDYL Ch. 10 - Prob. 1DYKB Ch. 10 - The physiologic event that takes place at the...Ch. 10 - In a skeletal muscle fiber, Ca2+ is released from...Ch. 10 - The bundle of dense regular connective tissue that...Ch. 10 - In excitation-contraction coupling, the transverse...Ch. 10 - During muscle contraction, the I band a. hides the...Ch. 10 - During a concentric contraction of a muscle fiber,...Ch. 10 - What event causes a troponin-tropomyosin complex...Ch. 10 - In sustained, moderate exercise, skeletal muscle...Ch. 10 - Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle are similar in...Ch. 10 - Explain the structural relationship between a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12DYKB Ch. 10 - Prob. 13DYKB Ch. 10 - Put the following skeletal muscle contraction...Ch. 10 - Explain the various means of providing ATP for...Ch. 10 - Explain why athletes who excel at short sprints...Ch. 10 - Explain why skeletal muscle generates the most...Ch. 10 - Prob. 18DYKB Ch. 10 - Describe the response of smooth muscle to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20DYKB Ch. 10 - Prob. 1CAL Ch. 10 - One of the primary reasons that one individual is...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3CAL Ch. 10 - Rigor mortis occurs following death because a....Ch. 10 - Prob. 5CAL Ch. 10 - Prob. 1CSL Ch. 10 - Describe the effect of the botulinum toxin, which...Ch. 10 - Smooth muscle is within the urinary bladder wall....

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