INTEG. PRIN OF ZOO >LL< W/ CONNECT - FD
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781265230234
Author: HICKMAN
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 8RQ
What is the difference between a cladogram and a phylogenetic tree? Given a cladogram for a group of species, what additional interpretation is needed to obtain a phylogenetic tree?
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What is the difference between a cladogram and a phylogenetic tree? Given a cladogram for a group of species, what additional interpretation is needed to obtain a phylogenetic tree?
What is the difference between a phylogenetic tree and a cladogram?What the difference between “homologous traits” and “analogous traits”?
What is the difference between a cladogram and a phylogenetic tree?
Chapter 10 Solutions
INTEG. PRIN OF ZOO >LL< W/ CONNECT - FD
Ch. 10 - List in order, from most inclusive to least...Ch. 10 - Explain why the system for naming species that...Ch. 10 - How does the biological species concept differ...Ch. 10 - What problems have been identified with the...Ch. 10 - How are taxonomic characters recognized? How are...Ch. 10 - How do monophyletic, paraphyletic, and...Ch. 10 - How many different clades of two or more species...Ch. 10 - What is the difference between a cladogram and a...Ch. 10 - How would cladists and evolutionary taxonomists...Ch. 10 - What taxonomic practices based on the typological...
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- Construct a cladogram that provides one hypothesis about the evolutionary history for these 6 taxa. Be sure to map each of the character states for every taxon represented in the character matrix. See tips below to help get you started. You can insert a photo of a hand drawn cladogram or create one on your device. Keep in mind that cladograms are hypotheses, there are many different cladograms that can be constructed. a) Which characteristics were identified as homoplasies on your cladogram? b)arrow_forwardConstruct a cladogram that provides one hypothesis about the evolutionary history for these 6 taxa. Be sure to map each of the character states for every taxon represented in the character matrix. See tips below to help get you started. You can insert a photo of a hand drawn cladogram or create one on your device. Keep in mind that cladograms are hypotheses, there are many different cladograms that can be constructed. a) Which characteristics were identified as homoplasies on your cladogram? b) Now that your tree has been constructed, how confident do you feel in your hypothesis and why?arrow_forwardHow are taxonomic characters recognized? How are such characters used to construct a cladogram?arrow_forward
- What is the difference between a phylogenetic tree and a cladogram? What the difference between "homologous traits" and "analogous traits"? What is the difference between "ancestral traits" and "derived traits"?arrow_forwardWhat is cladistics and why is it significant?arrow_forwardwhat is a major problem with morphologically based analysis of wale placement in a phylogenetic tree ?arrow_forward
- Based on this matrix, is my cladogram correctly done? 1.a) What species on the cladogram are endothermic (fully endothermic species only=those that maintain their body temperature only with their metabolism = not sharks for instance)? 1.b) Considering the location and relationship of endotherms on the cladogram, what type of character (homologous, homoplasy: convergence or reversal) do you think endothermy is? try to use specific terminology: character, homologous characters, nom homologous characters, character states (or evolutionary stages of a character), ancestral (plesiomorphic), derived (apomorphic), homoplasy, convergence, reversal....arrow_forwardHow many operational taxonomic units (OTUs) are included in this cladogram?arrow_forwardThe number of possible trees resulting from phylogenetic analysis grows exponentially with the number taxa, such that in a 22 taxon analysis there are more possible unrooted trees than there are stars in the universe. A) True B) False C) It depends on the inference method and optimality criteria used. D) Number of taxa and number of unrooted tree possibilities are unrelated in phylogenetic analysis.arrow_forward
- What is the purpose of using an “outgroup” when reconstructing a phylogenetic tree? Write 4 points at leastarrow_forwardSome organisms that appear very closely related on a phylogenetic tree may not actually be closely related. Why is this?arrow_forwardWhen constructing phylogenetic trees, what is the purpose of applying maximum parsimony? Parsimony allows the researcher to "root" the tree. For trees based on morphology, the most parsimonious tree requires the maximum evolutionary events. The outgroup roots the tree, allowing the principle of parsimony to be applied. For trees based on morphology, the most parsimonious is the one that uses the simplest explanation of evolutionary events.arrow_forward
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Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license