Concept introduction:
Managerial Decision:
Decision making plays an important role in the management. The decisions taken by managers are called managerial decisions. Managerial Decisions are decisions taken by managers for the operations of a firm. These decisions include setting target growth rates, hiring or firing employees, and deciding what products to sell. Manager’s decisions are taken on the basis of quantitative as well as the qualitative measures. The managerial decision includes the decisions like make or buy, accept or reject new offers, sell or further process etc. These decisions are taken on the basis of relevant costs.
Relevant costs are the costs that are relevant for any decision making. Relevant costs are helpful for take managerial decisions like make or buy, accept or reject new offers, sell or further process etc.
Two basic types of the relevant costs are as follows:
- Out-of-pocket costs
- Opportunity costs
The Incremental income from selling units in scrap and from reworking and then selling and the decision.
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Managerial Accounting
- Jonfran Company manufactures three different models of paper shredders including the waste container, which serves as the base. While the shredder heads are different for all three models, the waste container is the same. The number of waste containers that Jonfran will need during the following years is estimated as follows: The equipment used to manufacture the waste container must be replaced because it is broken and cannot be repaired. The new equipment would have a purchase price of 945,000 with terms of 2/10, n/30; the companys policy is to take all purchase discounts. The freight on the equipment would be 11,000, and installation costs would total 22,900. The equipment would be purchased in December 20x4 and placed into service on January 1, 20x5. It would have a five-year economic life and would be treated as three-year property under MACRS. This equipment is expected to have a salvage value of 12,000 at the end of its economic life in 20x9. The new equipment would be more efficient than the old equipment, resulting in a 25 percent reduction in both direct materials and variable overhead. The savings in direct materials would result in an additional one-time decrease in working capital requirements of 2,500, resulting from a reduction in direct material inventories. This working capital reduction would be recognized at the time of equipment acquisition. The old equipment is fully depreciated and is not included in the fixed overhead. The old equipment from the plant can be sold for a salvage amount of 1,500. Rather than replace the equipment, one of Jonfrans production managers has suggested that the waste containers be purchased. One supplier has quoted a price of 27 per container. This price is 8 less than Jonfrans current manufacturing cost, which is as follows: Jonfran uses a plantwide fixed overhead rate in its operations. If the waste containers are purchased outside, the salary and benefits of one supervisor, included in fixed overhead at 45,000, would be eliminated. There would be no other changes in the other cash and noncash items included in fixed overhead except depreciation on the new equipment. Jonfran is subject to a 40 percent tax rate. Management assumes that all cash flows occur at the end of the year and uses a 12 percent after-tax discount rate. Required: 1. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the make alternative. Calculate the NPV of the make alternative. 2. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the buy alternative. Calculate the NPV of the buy alternative. 3. Which should Jonfran domake or buy the containers? What qualitative factors should be considered? (CMA adapted)arrow_forwardA company with excess capacity must decide between scrapping or reworking units that do not pass inspection. The company has 22,000 defective units that cost $6 per unit to manufacture. The units can be a) sold as is for $2.00 each, or b) reworked for $4.50 each and then sold for the full price of $8.50 each. What is the incremental income from selling the units as scrap and reworking and selling the units? Should the company sell the units as scrap or rework them? (Enter costs and losses as negative values.) Sale as Scrap Rework Incremental income (loss) $ 2$ The company should:arrow_forwardA company with excess capacity must decide between scrapping or reworking units that do not pass inspection. The company has 16,000 defective units that cost $6.00 per unit to manufacture. The units can be a) sold as is for $3.00 each, or b) reworked for $4.50 each and then sold for the full price of $9.00 each. What is the incremental income from selling the units as scrap and reworking and selling the units? Should the company sell the units as scrap or rework them? (Enter costs and losses as negative values.)arrow_forward
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- BT&T Corporation manufactures telephones. Recently , the company produced a batch of 600 defective telephones at a cost of $9,000. BT &T can sell these telephones as scrap for $9 each. It can also rework the entire batch at a cost of $6,500 , after which the telephones could be sold for $20 per unit. If BT&T reworks the defective telephones , by how much will its operating income change ?arrow_forward6. Road Master Shocks has 15,000 units of a defective product on hand that cost $80,000 to manufacture. The company can either sell this product as is for scrap for $6 per unit or it can sell the product for $9 per unit after reworking the units to correct the defects at a cost of $50,000. What should the company do? Show your calculationsarrow_forwardRegis Company manufactures plugs at a cost of $40 per unit, which includes $5 of fixed overhead. Regis needs 30,000 of these plugs annually (as part of a larger product it produces). Orlan Company has offered to sell these units to Regis at $39 per unit. If Regis decides to purchase the plugs, $60,000 of the annual fixed overhead cost will be eliminated, and the company may be able to rent the facility previously used for manufacturing the plugs. If the plugs are purchased and the facility rented, Regis Company wishes to realize $100,000 in net savings annually. To achieve this goal, the minimum annual rent on the facility must be: Question 16 options: a) $120,000. b) $100,000. c) $70,000. d) $310,000. e) $220,000.arrow_forward
- Regis Company manufactures plugs at a cost of $36 per unit, which includes $8 of fixed overhead. Regis needs 30,000 of these plugs annually (as part of a larger product it produces). Orlan Company has offered to sell these units to Regis at $33 per unit. If Regis decides to purchase the plugs, $60,000 of the annual fixed overhead cost will be eliminated, and the company may be able to rent the facility previously used for manufacturing the plugs. If Regis Company purchases the plugs but does not rent the unused facility, the company would:arrow_forwardA manufacturing firm is making auto parts. The machine operators do the packaging and fill the shipping boxes. Each box should contain 60 parts, but the operators fill the boxes by eye, so the average parts per box is 63. Each auto part costs $1. The company realizes that they are wasting parts by overfilling the boxes and decides to automate the packaging which reduces the average parts per box to 60. The equipment would cost $65,000 and SL depreciation with 7-year depreciable life and $10,000 salvage value would be used. Cost of maintaining the equipment is $8,000 annually. The firm manufactures 800K auto parts each year. The combined federal and state incremental tax rate is 30%. Assume a 7-year analysis period and MARR of 10%. 1. What is the after-tax present worth? 2. What is the after-tax payback period? (No-return payback period)arrow_forwardRegis Company makes the plugs it uses in one of its products at a cost of P36 per unit. This cost includes P8 of fixed overhead. Regis needs 30,000 of these plugs annually, and Orlan Company has offered to sell them to Regis at P33 per unit. If Regis decides to purchase the plugs, P60,000 of the annual fixed overhead will be eliminated, and the company may be able to rent the facility previously used for manufacturing the plugs. If the plugs are purchased and the facility rented, Regis Company wishes to realize P100,000 in savings annually. To achieve this goal, the minimum annual rent on the facility must be: O P10,000 O P40,000 O P70,000 O P190,000arrow_forward
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