Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 34PQ
According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Earth’s surface temperature has risen about 1°F since 1900. There is evidence that this climate change may be due to human activity. The organizers of World Jump Day argue that if the Earth were in a slightly larger orbit, we could avoid global warming and climate change. They propose that we move the Earth into this new orbit by jumping. The idea is to get people in a particular time zone to jump together. The hope is to have 600 million people jump in a 24-hour period. Let’s see if it will work. Consider the Earth and its inhabitants to make up the system.
a. Estimate the number of people in your time zone. Assume they all decide to jump at the same time; estimate the total mass of the jumpers.
b. What is the net external force on the Earth–jumpers system?
c. Assume the jumpers use high-tech Flybar pogo sticks (Fig. P8.32), which allow them to jump 6 ft. What is the displacement of the Earth as a result of their jump?
d. What happens to the Earth when the jumpers land?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
After landing on an exoplanet, an astronaut constructs a simple pendulum of length 49 cm. The pendulum completes 89 full swing cycles in a time of 101 s.
What is the magnitude of the gravitational acceleration in m/s2 on the exoplanet? Give your answer to 2 decimal places.
Europa orbits Jupiter at a distance of 6.7 x 108 m from Jupiter's cloudtops
(the surface of the planet). If Jupiter's mass is 1.9 x 1027 kg and radius is
6.8 x 107 m, what is the speed of Europa as it orbits in m/s?
Round to the nearest hundredth. Don't worry about putting units, just put
the number.
A satellite is traveling around a planet in a circular orbit with radius R. It moves
in a constant speed of v = 1.01 x 10* m/s. The mass of the planet is M = 6.02 x 1024 kg. The mass of
the satellite is m= 3.2 × 103 kg.
Enter an expression for the kinetic energy KE of the satellite in terms of m and v.
Calculate the value of KE in joules.
Enter an expression for the magnitude of the gravitational force F in terms of M, R, m and the gravitational constant G.
Enter an expression for the centripetal acceleration of the satellite a, in terms of the speed of the satellite, v, and R.
Enter an expression for the radius R in terms of G, M and v.
Calculate the value of R in meters.
Enter an expression for the gravitational potential energy PE in terms of G, M, m, and R.
Calculate the value of PE in joules.
Enter an expression for the total energy E of the satellite in terms of m and v.
Calculate the value of the total energy E in joules.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 10.1 - What Do You Already Know About Rockets? Think...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 10.2CECh. 10.3 - Prob. 10.3CECh. 10.3 - Prob. 10.4CECh. 10.5 - What is the purpose of the ropes attached to the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 1PQCh. 10 - Prob. 2PQCh. 10 - Prob. 3PQCh. 10 - A mother pushes her son in a stroller at a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 5PQ
Ch. 10 - Estimate the magnitude of the momentum of a car on...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7PQCh. 10 - Prob. 8PQCh. 10 - What is the magnitude of the Earths momentum...Ch. 10 - The velocity of a 10-kg object is given by...Ch. 10 - A particle has a momentum of magnitude 40.0 kg ...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12PQCh. 10 - Latoya, sitting on a sled, is being pushed by...Ch. 10 - A baseball is thrown vertically upward. The mass...Ch. 10 - Center of Mass Revisited N Find the center of mass...Ch. 10 - Prob. 16PQCh. 10 - Prob. 17PQCh. 10 - Two metersticks are connected at their ends as...Ch. 10 - A boy of mass 25.0 kg is sitting on one side of a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20PQCh. 10 - Prob. 21PQCh. 10 - Prob. 22PQCh. 10 - Prob. 23PQCh. 10 - Prob. 24PQCh. 10 - Prob. 25PQCh. 10 - A person of mass m stands on a rope ladder that is...Ch. 10 - Prob. 27PQCh. 10 - Prob. 28PQCh. 10 - Two particles with masses 2.0 kg and 4.0 kg are...Ch. 10 - A billiard player sends the cue ball toward a...Ch. 10 - A crate of mass M is initially at rest on a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 32PQCh. 10 - Prob. 33PQCh. 10 - According to the National Academy of Sciences, the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 35PQCh. 10 - Prob. 36PQCh. 10 - Prob. 37PQCh. 10 - Usually, we do not walk or even stand on a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 39PQCh. 10 - There is a compressed spring between two...Ch. 10 - There is a compressed spring between two...Ch. 10 - A submarine with a mass of 6.26 106 kg contains a...Ch. 10 - A 44.0-kg child finds himself trapped on the...Ch. 10 - Problems 44 and 45 are paired. C A model rocket is...Ch. 10 - A model rocket is shot straight up and explodes at...Ch. 10 - An astronaut finds herself in a predicament in...Ch. 10 - Prob. 47PQCh. 10 - Prob. 48PQCh. 10 - Prob. 49PQCh. 10 - Prob. 50PQCh. 10 - The space shuttle uses its thrusters with an...Ch. 10 - Prob. 52PQCh. 10 - Prob. 53PQCh. 10 - Prob. 54PQCh. 10 - Prob. 55PQCh. 10 - The cryogenic main stage of a rocket has an...Ch. 10 - To lift off from the Moon, a 9.50 105 kg rocket...Ch. 10 - Prob. 58PQCh. 10 - Prob. 59PQCh. 10 - Prob. 60PQCh. 10 - Prob. 61PQCh. 10 - An astronaut out on a spacewalk to construct a new...Ch. 10 - Prob. 63PQCh. 10 - Prob. 64PQCh. 10 - A racquetball of mass m = 43.0 g, initially moving...Ch. 10 - Prob. 66PQCh. 10 - Prob. 67PQCh. 10 - Prob. 68PQCh. 10 - A comet is traveling through space with speed 3.33...Ch. 10 - A ballistic pendulum is used to measure the speed...Ch. 10 - Prob. 71PQCh. 10 - Prob. 72PQCh. 10 - Prob. 73PQCh. 10 - Figure P10.74 provides artists with human...Ch. 10 - Prob. 75PQCh. 10 - A single-stage rocket of mass 308 metric tons (not...Ch. 10 - Prob. 77PQCh. 10 - A light spring is attached to a block of mass 4m...Ch. 10 - Prob. 79PQCh. 10 - Prob. 80PQCh. 10 - A Show that the total momentum of a system of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 82PQCh. 10 - Prob. 83PQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The solar system is 25,000 light years from the center of our Milky Way galaxy. One light year is the distance light travels in one year at a speed of 3.0 × 10 m/s. Astronomers have determined that the solar system is orbiting the center of the galaxy at a speed of 230 km/s. Assume that the sun is a typical star with a typical mass. If galactic matter is made up of stars, approximately how many stars are in the center of the galaxy? Note : Astronomers have spent many years trying to determine how many stars there are in the Milky Way. The number of stars seems to be only about 10% of what you'll find in part d. In other words, about 90% of the mass of the galaxy appears to be in some form other than stars. This is called the dark matter of the universe. No one knows what the dark matter is. This is one of the outstanding scientific questions of our day. ΠΫΠΙ ΑΣΦ N = 6.810¹2 Submit Previous Answers Request Answer X Incorrect; Try Again ? starsarrow_forwardA satellite is traveling around a planet in a circular orbit with radius R. It moves in a constant speed of v = 1.1 × 104 m/s. The mass of the planet is M = 6.04 × 1024 kg. The mass of the satellite is m = 1.2 × 103 kg. a)Enter an expression for the kinetic energy KE of the satellite in terms of m and v. Calculate the value of KE in joules. b)Enter an expression for the magnitude of the gravitational force F in terms of M, R, m and the gravitational constant G. c)Enter an expression for the centripetal acceleration of the satellite ac in terms of the speed of the satellite, v, and R.arrow_forwardA number of gas giant planets orbiting other stars at distances less than 1 A.U. have been discovered. Because of their proximity to their parent stars, and their compositional similarity to Jupiter, they have been labeled “Hot Jupiters”. The orbital radius of one of these planets is 0.06 A.U. with average orbital speed 600 km/sec. What is the length of this planet’s year in Earth (solar) days? Estimate the mass, M, of its parent star in terms of the mass of the sun (M) using Newton’s first form of Kepler’s 3rd Law. Calculate the star’s luminosity, L, in terms of the luminosity of the sun (L☉), Note: (LL=MM4where L ~ 4 × 1026 W ). The radius of this planet is 1.5 times the radius of Jupiter. Assuming its equilibrium temperature is the temperature at which the planet radiates as much energy as it receives from its star, estimate the temperature of the planet. The value of the planet’s albedo is 0.8. (NOTE: The intensity of the star’s radiant power at a distance d from the star is…arrow_forward
- A satellite is traveling around a planet in a circular orbit with radius R. It moves in a constant speed of v = 1.1 × 104 m/s. The mass of the planet is M = 6.04 × 1024 kg. The mass of the satellite is m = 1.2 × 103 kg. First, find an expression for the gravitational potential energy PE in terms of G, M, m, and R. a)Calculate the value of PE in joules. b)Enter an expression for the total energy E of the satellite in terms of m and v. c)Calculate the value of the total energy E in joules.arrow_forwardAn object is dropped from an altitude of one Earth radius above Earth's surface. If M is the mass of Earth and R is its radius, the speed of the object just before it hits Earth is given by: GM R 0 GM 2R O GM V2R 0 GM VR 2GM Rarrow_forwardA satellite is traveling around a planet in a circular orbit with radius R. It moves in a constant speed of v = 1.1 × 104 m/s. The mass of the planet is M = 6.04 × 1024 kg. The mass of the satellite is m = 1.2 × 103 kg. a)Enter an expression for the radius R in terms of G, M and v. b)Calculate the value of R in meters. c)Enter an expression for the gravitational potential energy PE in terms of G, M, m, and R.arrow_forward
- How many years does it take for planet to go around the sun if its distance is 2.1 times away from the sun as the earth is. A 80 kg person, from the top of a 13 m cliff, throws a 100 g ball at an angle of 30 degrees above the horizontal. With what speed will the ball hit the ground below? (g = 9.8 m/s2).arrow_forwardProblem 5. Carousel that’s turning A carousel has two lanes of horses: an outer lane of radius 5.36 m and an inner lane of radius 3.78 m. When a ride starts, the carousel immediately starts rotating with some initial angular speed wo, and undergoes a constant angular acceleration a until it reaches its maximum angular speed, after which it rotates constantly at this angular speed. The carousel completes its first revolution in 23.0 s, then completes its second revolution after an additional 21.0s. At its maximum speed, the carousel completes one revolution every 14.0 s. During the ride, the horses also move up and down, and their vertical motion is independent of the angular speed of the carousel. The vertical displacement of each horse follows that of simple harmonic motion, with one up-and-down cycle lasting 3.50 s, and the height difference between each horse's highest point and lowest point being 20.3 cm. All horses start at their lowest point at the beginning of the ride. (a) Find…arrow_forwardThe center of a moon of mass m = 8 × 1023 kg is a distance D = 97 × 105 km from the center of a planet of mass M = 10.9 × 1025 kg. At some distance x from the center of the planet, along a line connecting the centers of planet and moon, the net force on an object will be zero. a. Derive an expression for x. b. Calculate x in kilometers, given the variables in the beginning of the problem.arrow_forward
- Astronomers have observed a small, massive object at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy. A ring of material orbits this massive object; the ring has a diameter of about 17 light-years and an orbital speed of about 100 km/s. A) Determine the mass M of the massive object at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. Give your answer in kilograms.Express your answer in kilograms. B) Give your answer in solar masses (one solar mass is the mass of the sun). Express your answer in units of solar masses. C) Many astronomers believe that the massive object at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy is a black hole. If so, what must the Schwarzschild radius RS of this black hole be? Express your answer in meters.arrow_forwardA newly discovered planet X has a mass of 36.7 × 1023 kg and radius 2.47 × 106 m. What is g on this planet's surface, in m/s2?arrow_forwardAn asteroid starts at rest infinitely far from Earth. The asteroid has a mass of 2.00×104 kg.G=6.67×10-11 Nm2/kg2MAsteroid= 2.00×104 kgMEarth=5.97×1024 kgREarth= 6.37×106 mWhat is the change in gravitational potential energy between the asteroid's starting point and when it hits the earth's surface? What is the final kinetic energy of the asteroid when it hits the earth's surface? What is the final velocity of the asteroid when it hits the earth's surface? m/sarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Conservative and Non Conservative Forces; Author: AK LECTURES;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vFVCluvSrFc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY