(1)
To compute: Arithmetic average return and average annual inflation.
Introduction: Investors invest in bonds to ensure regular income (interest income) on their investments. Bondholders are the investors who are risk averse.
(2)
To compute: Standard deviation of return and inflation.
Introduction: Investors invest in bonds to ensure regular income (interest income) on their investments. Bondholders are the investors who are risk averse.
(3)
To compute: Average real
Introduction: Investors invest in bonds to ensure regular income (interest income) on their investments. Bondholders are the investors who are risk averse.
(4)
To discuss: About risk on T-bills.
Introduction: Investors invest in bonds to ensure regular income (interest income) on their investments. Bondholders are the investors who are risk averse.
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Corporate Finance
- Consider the following table for the period from 1973 through 1980. Inflation 8.80% 12.20 7.01 4.81 6.77 9.03 13.31 12.40 Year 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 T-bill return 6.93% 8.00 5.80 5.08 5.12 7.18 10.38 11.24 a. Calculate the average return for Treasury bills and the average annual Inflation rate (consumer price Index) for this period. Note: Do not round Intermediate calculations and enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. b. Calculate the standard deviation of Treasury bill returns and Inflation over this time period. Note: Do not round Intermediate calculations and enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. c. Calculate the real return for each year. Note: A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round Intermediate calculations and enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. d. What is the average real return for Treasury bills? Note: A negative answer…arrow_forwardWhat is the amount of the risk premium on a U.S. Treasury bill if the inflation rate is 2.6 percent, the risk-free rate is 3.1 percent, and the market rate of return is 7.4 percent?arrow_forwardSuppose the real rate is 3.1 percent and the inflation rate is 4.7 percent. What rate would you expect to see on a Treasury bill?arrow_forward
- of interest? The exact real rate? 10. Inflation and Nominal Returns Suppose the real rate is 1.8 percent and the inflation rate is 3.7 percent. What rate would you expect to see on a Treasury bill? 11. Nominal and Real Returns An investment offers a total return of 12 percentarrow_forwardIf the risk-free rate is 2.2 percent, the inflation rate is 1.9 percent, and the market rate of return is 6.8 percent, what is the amount of the risk premium on a U.S. Treasury bill?arrow_forwardes www Year 1 2 3 4 5 Returns X59200 15 % -22 10 10 Y 22% 30 -27 "* 10 21 Using the returns shown above, calculate the arithmetic average returns, the variances, and the standard deviations for X and Y. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your average return and standard deviation answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. Enter your variance answers rounded to 5 decimal places, e.g., .16161.) Average returns Variances Standard deviations X 15 % % % Y % &arrow_forward
- You are considering investing money in Treasury bills and wondering what the real risk-free rate of interest is. Currently, Treasury bills are yielding 4.3% and the future inflation rate is expected to be 2.5% per year. Ignoring the cross product between the real rate of interest and the inflation rate, what is the real risk-free rate of interest?arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion Consider the prevailing condition of inflation (including changes in global oil price), the economy, budget deficit, decreases in expected remittance inflow, and the central bank monetary policy that could affect interest rate. Based on the prevailing conditions do you think bond price will increase or decreases in next six-month period. In the real economic environment which other factors may affect the bond price? Which factor in your opinion will have biggest impact on bond price? Assess the above given situations.arrow_forwardLogan is conducting an economic evaluation under inflation using the then-current approach. If the inflation rate is j and the real time value of money rate is d, which of the following is the interest rate he should use for discounting the cash flows? a. j b. d c. j + d d. j + d + dj.arrow_forward
- What current rate environment is the US currently in by historical standards? (LOW, HIGH, AVERAGE) What are the expectations for rates in the US over the next year? How will this impact businesses borrowing money (debt)? What do you observe in day-to-day life regarding current inflation?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an instrument of monetary policy? The interest rate on three-month Treasury bills The mortgage interest rate The budget deficit The discount ratearrow_forwardIn general, how do credit analysts determine the risk-free rate? Choose all that apply. The rate of return on S&P 500 | The average corporate yield The 10-year Treasury yield The yield on a 3-month U.S. Treasury Billarrow_forward