a. To determine: The phrase that describes “exome” among the options given below. 1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function. 2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family 3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations 4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment 5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence. 6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species. 7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene. 8. genes that arose by duplication within species. 9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons. 10. gene-poor region of the genome. 11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences. 12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness. Introduction: The sequences of genomic DNA that possess exons are referred to as exome.

Question

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Answer 1

Explanation of Solution

When the linear amino acid sequences bend and function as a single unit, it is termed as the protein domain. The rearrangement of exons to form different combinations result in protein domain.

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Match the concept in column A to the concept in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank provided. A В a. Change that affects the ability of DNA to be transcribed to 1 Karry Mullis RNA without directly modifying the DNA sequence. b. transformation epigenetic modification 18-25 nucleotides C. can be transformed d. genetic engineering e. primers f. biotechnology g. regulated repressor h. Nucleotide 3 4 recombination Frederick Griffith forward primer competent cells Karoly Ereke 6 7 8 sequences are exchanged between two identical DNA molecules i. Repressible negative regulation j. Complementary to the 3' end of the recombinant DNA 10 tryp operon anti-sense strand k. Complementary to the 3' end of sense strands I. Polymerase chain reaction

1). In the absence of this enzyme, a substance called ceroid lipofuscin accumulates in lysosomes in the brain, resulting in seizures, blindness, decline in cognitive function and motor skills, dementia, and death by the late teens or early 20’s. The TPP1 gene is 6695 bp in length. Think about the characteristics of Batten disease, and then suggest an approach to gene therapy that might be effective for this specific genetic disorder. You may assume that your research team is working in the U.S. and your research is funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Please EXCLUDE the use of CRISPR from consideration. A. Will you use germline or somatic cell gene therapy? Please NAME and DEFINE the form of gene therapy selected, then explain WHY this is the most appropriate choice.

1). In the absence of this enzyme, a substance called ceroid lipofuscin accumulates in lysosomes in the brain, resulting in seizures, blindness, decline in cognitive function and motor skills, dementia, and death by the late teens or early 20’s. The TPP1 gene is 6695 bp in length. Think about the characteristics of Batten disease, and then suggest an approach to gene therapy that might be effective for this specific genetic disorder. You may assume that your research team is working in the U.S. and your research is funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). a) Hypothetically, what specific type of VECTOR will you use to perform your gene therapy? Please select from the following list of potential vectors: disabled retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV), or herpes simplex virus (HSV), then give two reasons why this specific vector is the most appropriate for your gene therapy. Please explain why you were able to rule out the other potential…

Answer 2

Explanation of Solution

When the linear amino acid sequences bend and function as a single unit, it is termed as the protein domain. The rearrangement of exons to form different combinations result in protein domain.

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Answer 3

Explanation of Solution

When the linear amino acid sequences bend and function as a single unit, it is termed as the protein domain. The rearrangement of exons to form different combinations result in protein domain.

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Answer 4

Explanation of Solution

When the linear amino acid sequences bend and function as a single unit, it is termed as the protein domain. The rearrangement of exons to form different combinations result in protein domain.

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Protein domain: the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations.

Explanation of Solution

When the linear amino acid sequences bend and function as a single unit, it is termed as the protein domain. The rearrangement of exons to form different combinations result in protein domain.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “exome” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

The sequences of genomic DNA that possess exons are referred to as exome.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Exome: genomic DNA sequences containing exons

Explanation of Solution

The part of the genome that is composed of the exons is termed as the exome. The exons refer to the sequences tht remain intact along with the RNA even after the removal of introns.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “exome” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

The sequences of genomic DNA that possess exons are referred to as exome.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Exome: genomic DNA sequences containing exons

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The part of the genome that is composed of the exons is termed as the exome. The exons refer to the sequences tht remain intact along with the RNA even after the removal of introns.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “de novo gene” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Recently evolved genes from intergenic sequnces of DNA are called de novo gene.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

de novo gene: recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

Explanation of Solution

The gene that gets evolved from the intergenic deoxyribonucleic acid sequences is the de novo gene.

Answer 14

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “de novo gene” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Recently evolved genes from intergenic sequnces of DNA are called de novo gene.

Answer 15

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

de novo gene: recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Explanation of Solution

The gene that gets evolved from the intergenic deoxyribonucleic acid sequences is the de novo gene.

Answer 20

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “gene desert” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

The portion or region in the entire genome that shows lack of genes is called gene desert.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Gene desert: gene-poor region of the genome.

Explanation of Solution

In the genome the regions that lack protein-coding genes are termed as the gene desert. In the gene desert region since protein-coding genes are absent, so it is a gene-poor region of the genome.

Answer 21

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “gene desert” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

The portion or region in the entire genome that shows lack of genes is called gene desert.

Answer 22

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Gene desert: gene-poor region of the genome.

Answer 23

Expert Solution

Answer 24

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Explanation of Solution

In the genome the regions that lack protein-coding genes are termed as the gene desert. In the gene desert region since protein-coding genes are absent, so it is a gene-poor region of the genome.

Answer 27

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “pseudogene” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Pseudogenes ar the genes that do not perform any kind of specific functions in the genome.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Pseudogene: a non-functional member of a gene family.

Explanation of Solution

The pseudogenes refer to the genes that are identical to the normal genes but these genes do not give rise to the functional genes, and therefore, are non-functional members of the gene family.

Answer 28

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “pseudogene” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Pseudogenes ar the genes that do not perform any kind of specific functions in the genome.

Answer 29

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Pseudogene: a non-functional member of a gene family.

Answer 30

Expert Solution

Answer 31

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

Explanation of Solution

The pseudogenes refer to the genes that are identical to the normal genes but these genes do not give rise to the functional genes, and therefore, are non-functional members of the gene family.

Answer 34

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “synthetic block” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

When two different species possess chromosomal regions having the same gene, it is said to be s syntenic block.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Syntenic block: chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

Explanation of Solution

In two different species, the similar or identical looking regions on the chromosome are said to have syntenic block. These blocks comprise of identical genes arranged in exact order in relatively distinct species.

Answer 35

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “synthetic block” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

When two different species possess chromosomal regions having the same gene, it is said to be s syntenic block.

Answer 36

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Syntenic block: chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

Answer 37

Expert Solution

Answer 38

Expert Solution

Answer 39

Expert Solution

Answer 40

Explanation of Solution

In two different species, the similar or identical looking regions on the chromosome are said to have syntenic block. These blocks comprise of identical genes arranged in exact order in relatively distinct species.

Answer 41

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “orthologs” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

When gene possesses similarities in the sequences in the two different species, it is called orthologs.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Orthologs: genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

Explanation of Solution

The homologous genes that arise from a common ancestor and are present in different species are termed as orthologs.

Answer 42

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “orthologs” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

When gene possesses similarities in the sequences in the two different species, it is called orthologs.

Answer 43

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Orthologs: genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

Answer 44

Expert Solution

Answer 45

Expert Solution

Answer 46

Expert Solution

Answer 47

Explanation of Solution

The homologous genes that arise from a common ancestor and are present in different species are termed as orthologs.

Answer 48

Summary Introduction

g.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “natural selection” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Selection of most advantageous species over recessive species.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Natural selection: progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Explanation of Solution

The natural selection process refers to the process that helps an individual to adapt to its environment and reproduce. Only those organisms that are able to adapt to their surroundings will grow and reproduce.

Answer 49

Summary Introduction

g.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “natural selection” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Selection of most advantageous species over recessive species.

Answer 50

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Natural selection: progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Answer 51

Expert Solution

Answer 52

Expert Solution

Answer 53

Expert Solution

Answer 54

Explanation of Solution

The natural selection process refers to the process that helps an individual to adapt to its environment and reproduce. Only those organisms that are able to adapt to their surroundings will grow and reproduce.

Answer 55

Summary Introduction

h.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “consensus sequence” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Themost frequent residues are called consensus sequence.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Consensus sequence: most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment.

Explanation of Solution

The consensus sequence refers to the arrangement of either nucleotides, residues or amino acids that frequently arise at each position in a sequence alignment.

Answer 56

Summary Introduction

h.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “consensus sequence” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Themost frequent residues are called consensus sequence.

Answer 57

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Consensus sequence: most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment.

Answer 58

Expert Solution

Answer 59

Expert Solution

Answer 60

Expert Solution

Answer 61

Explanation of Solution

The consensus sequence refers to the arrangement of either nucleotides, residues or amino acids that frequently arise at each position in a sequence alignment.

Answer 62

Summary Introduction

i.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “gene family” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

The gene family possesses set of related genes.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Gene family: set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

Explanation of Solution

The collection of genes that perform similar functions and consists of same sequences is termed as gene family. The gene families also comprise of ancestral genes that are either duplicated or diverged.

Answer 63

Summary Introduction

i.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “gene family” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

The gene family possesses set of related genes.

Answer 64

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Gene family: set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

Answer 65

Expert Solution

Answer 66

Expert Solution

Answer 67

Expert Solution

Answer 68

Explanation of Solution

The collection of genes that perform similar functions and consists of same sequences is termed as gene family. The gene families also comprise of ancestral genes that are either duplicated or diverged.

Answer 69

Summary Introduction

j.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “paralogs” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Some genes are the result of duplication process that occurs within a particular species. Such genes are called paralogs.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Paralogs: genes that arose by duplication within species

Explanation of Solution

The paralogs refer to the set of genes that arise as a result of gene duplication that takes place within the species. These genes differ in terms of their function and composition.

Answer 70

Summary Introduction

j.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “paralogs” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

Some genes are the result of duplication process that occurs within a particular species. Such genes are called paralogs.

Answer 71

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Paralogs: genes that arose by duplication within species

Answer 72

Expert Solution

Answer 73

Expert Solution

Answer 74

Expert Solution

Answer 75

Explanation of Solution

The paralogs refer to the set of genes that arise as a result of gene duplication that takes place within the species. These genes differ in terms of their function and composition.

Answer 76

Summary Introduction

k.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “alternative RNA splicing” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

When joining of exons in a particular gene results in the production of different combinations, this process is called alternative RNA splicing.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Alternate RNA splicing: the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations.

Explanation of Solution

In the genes of eukaryotes, the rearrangement of exons to form new genes is termed as alternative RNA splicing. The alternative RNA splicing leads to formation of novel genes.

Answer 77

Summary Introduction

k.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “alternative RNA splicing” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

When joining of exons in a particular gene results in the production of different combinations, this process is called alternative RNA splicing.

Answer 78

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Alternate RNA splicing: the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations.

Answer 79

Expert Solution

Answer 80

Expert Solution

Answer 81

Expert Solution

Answer 82

Explanation of Solution

In the genes of eukaryotes, the rearrangement of exons to form new genes is termed as alternative RNA splicing. The alternative RNA splicing leads to formation of novel genes.

Answer 83

Summary Introduction

l.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “protein domain” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

When different combinations occurs due to rearrangement of exons, it is called protein domain.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Protein domain: the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations.

Explanation of Solution

When the linear amino acid sequences bend and function as a single unit, it is termed as the protein domain. The rearrangement of exons to form different combinations result in protein domain.

Answer 84

Summary Introduction

l.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “protein domain” among the options given below.

1. a discrete part of a protein that provides a unit of function.

2. a nonfunctional member of a gene family

3. the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations

4. most frequent residues, either nucleotide or amino acid, found at each position in a sequence alignment

5. set of genes related by processes of duplication and divergence.

6. chromosomal regions with same genes in the same order in two different species.

7. genes with sequence similarities in two different species that arose from a common ancestral gene.

8. genes that arose by duplication within species.

9. genomic DNA sequences containing exons.

10. gene-poor region of the genome.

11. recently evolved from intergenic DNA sequences.

12. progressive elimination of individuals whose fitness is low and survival of high fitness.

Introduction:

When different combinations occurs due to rearrangement of exons, it is called protein domain.

Answer 85

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Protein domain: the joining together of exons in a gene in different combinations.

Answer 86

Expert Solution

Answer 87

Expert Solution

Answer 88

Expert Solution

Answer 89

Explanation of Solution

When the linear amino acid sequences bend and function as a single unit, it is termed as the protein domain. The rearrangement of exons to form different combinations result in protein domain.

Answer 90

Ch. 10 - Prob. 1P Ch. 10 - List three independent techniques you could use to...Ch. 10 - Figure 10.2a has numbers indicating the...Ch. 10 - Which of the enzymes from the following list would...Ch. 10 - Prob. 5P Ch. 10 - a. What sequence information about a gene is...Ch. 10 - Why do geneticists studying eukaryotic organisms...Ch. 10 - Consider three different kinds of human libraries:...Ch. 10 - The human genome has been sequenced, but we still...Ch. 10 - This problem investigates issues encountered in...

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