WHAT IS LIFE W/ACHIEVE ACCESS >B<
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781319488086
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 10, Problem 1MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Selection (natural or artificial) that favors a particular trait, increases the frequency of that trait in the population.
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Part A
Consider the temperature effect in the sex determination of a turtle species represented in the graph below.
100
What effect would a decrease in temperature below the epivotal temperature have on sex ratios of these turtles?
50
Тр
Temperature
FT
MT
No difference in the proportion of females to males will result as only colder temperatures will alter the sex ratio in the offspring.
None of the other answers is correct.
Fewer males and females will result.
O More males than females will result.
More females than males will result.
Percent female
You are working on an undergraduate project, studying an insect species. A recent study showed that the pigmentation pattern used for camouflage is made by an enzyme K. However, it has been shown that, when compared to the Kk individuals, the KK homozygotes would have a higher chance of dying from pigment overdose before growing up, while the kk individuals can easily fall to predation before becoming adults. In fact, when compared to the Kk individuals, the estimated selection coefficients for KK and kk are 0.25 and 0.5, respectively. You are interested in what would happen to these alleles. At present, you have conducted a population survey and have 1000 larvae in your collection. Among them, 360 are KK, 480 Kkand 160 kk.
1)How many larvae would survive to adulthood
a) 170 b) 414 c)583 d)750 e)830
2)Following up the previous question, what would be the KK genotype frequency at the adult?
a) 0.090 b) 0.270 c) 0.325 d) 0.360 e) 0.529
3)Following up on the previous question,…
The pesticide DDT was widely used in the 1940s as a method of insect control. In
the late 1950s the first DDT-resistant mosquitoes were discovered, and
eventually DDT-resistant mosquitoes were found globally. When DDT is used
now, the development of DDT resistance in mosquito populations occurs in
months rather than years.Which of the following best explains the observations
concerning DDT resistance in mosquitoes? *
nd 2
school
The proportion of DDT-resistant mosquitoes in a population remains constant due to
the metabolic costs of DDT utilization
DDT is a chemical signal that delays normal reproductive cycles in many mosquito
populations.
Natural selection favors DDT-resistant mosquitoes that are already present in a
population when DDT exposure occurs.
Competition for limited resources causes mosquitoes to migrate to geographical
areas that have richer supplies of DDT.
A population of 1.492 finches is introduced to a rainforest. Over the next year, the
finches showa death rate of…
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WHAT IS LIFE W/ACHIEVE ACCESS >B<
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- For centuries, animal breeders have used artificial selection to increase the speed of racehorses. The results of such efforts are illustrated in a graph that identifies how quickly winning horses ran the 1-mile track at the Kentucky Derby, a famous race held annually at Churchill Downs, Kentucky. (The time it takes a horse to run a track of fixed length is inversely proportional to the horses speed.) Based on the data in the graph, has artificial selection increased the speed of horses consistently between 1900 and 2000? Do you think that artificial selection can increase the speed of racehorses in the future?arrow_forwardWhich one of these statements about fitness is most accurate? A. Fitness is a measure of strength & health B. Fitness may change at a population level, but is constant for an individual C. Fitness can only be measured at the population level D. Fitness is a measure of reproductive success E. Fitness is an overall measurement that applies to all evolutionary mechanismsarrow_forwardThis hypothesis assumes that among male variation in the expression of ornaments reliably signals individual differences in overall quality of the males. It predicts that choosy females will produce offspring with higher survivorship or in better condition than those of less choosy females. A. Good genes process B. Bateman's principle C. Fisher-Zahavi process D. Fisher's runaway modelarrow_forward
- Ecology regarding sexual selection: In zebra finch females prefer males who have a larger yellow cheek patch. Researchers investigating this preference think that females must benefit from choosing males with large cheek patches. Provide three hypotheses regarding the direct, or indirect benefits, she might receive.arrow_forwardIs sexual selection or natural selection the driver for the differences between males and females? a. In the hollyhock weevil (Rhopalapion longirostre) the females a have much longer rostrum. The length of rostrum is correlated with offspring survival but not mating frequency. b. In the marine iguana species (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) on the islands near Ecuador the males often exceed expected size on a given island. Male size is correlated with survival and number of mating events.arrow_forwardThe pesticide DDT was widely used in the 1940s as a method of insect control. In the late 1950s the first DDT-resistant mosquitoes were discovered, and eventually DDT-resistant mosquitoes were found globally. When DDT is used now, the development of DDT resistance in mosquito populations occurs in months rather than years.Which of the following best explains the observations concerning DDT resistance in mosquitoes?* nd 2 chool The proportion of DDT-resistant mosquitoes in a population remains constant due to O the metabolic costs of DDT utilization DDT is a chemical signal that delays normal reproductive cycles in many mosquito populations. Natural selection favors DDT-resistant mosquitoes that are already present in a population when DDT exposure occurs. Competition for limited resources causes mosquitoes to migrate to geographical areas that have richer supplies of DDT. A population of 1.492 finches is intróduced to a rainforest. Over the next year, the finches show a death rate of…arrow_forward
- Consider the temperature effect in the sex determination of a turtle species represented in the graph below. 100 What effect would a decrease in temperature below the epivotal temperature have on sex ratios of these turtles? 50 FT MT Temperature Fewer males and females will result. None of the other answers is correct. No difference in the proportion of females to males will result as only colder temperatures will alter the sex ratio in the offspring. More males than females will result. More females than males will result. To Percent female O O O Oarrow_forwardMonarch butterflies are a migratory species that flies south once during the lifetime of an individual. One specific population flies to Cuba, where it encounters and shares habitat with resident monarchs that do not migrate and stay within Cuba their entire lifespan. The table shows comparisons between the two populations. What data indicate the greatest difference between the populations? A. Male to female ratioB. Difference in wing sizeC. Higher mean weightD . Average of wing anglearrow_forwardPREDICT You study males in populations of a certain species of minnows in a series of lakes at different latitudes. You find that they exhibit clinal variation in average weight at maturity and hypothesize that the weight differences are due to genetic factors. What might you predict about the average weights at maturity of representatives of each population reared in aquaria if your hypothesis is correct?arrow_forward
- Your friend remarks, “The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for higher leaves; as a result, its offspring inherited longer necks.” Which statement is the BEST response to correct your friend’s misconception? A. overproduction of offspring leads to a struggle for survival B. characteristics acquired during an organism’s life are generally not passed on through genes to its offspring C. only favorable adaptations have survival value and unfavorable adaptations are removed from the population D. disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearancearrow_forwardYou are studying the effect that the commonly used agricultural pesticide "Pestkill" that has been found in bodies of water has on the survival rate of eggs of dragonflies. How will you label your X and Y axes? Check all that apply. A "Pestkill concentration (mg)" as X axis label, "percentage of eggs hatched in two weeks" as Y axis label B "Pestkill" as X axis label, "number of eggs" on Y axis C "Pestkill concentration (mg)" as Y axis label, "percentage of eggs hatched in two weeks" as X axis label D "Pestkill" as Y axis label, "number of eggs" on X axisarrow_forwardSexual reproduction in unpredictable environments provide immediate benefits to individuals including the following except -- A. There are more opportunites for offspring to specialize in different niches in an environment. B. The chance that the offspring of sexual ndividuals will be well-matched to their environment increases. C. Bet-hedging strategies are involved for increasing offspring fitness. D. Reduction of competition for resources among genetically related offspring.arrow_forward
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