Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134168296
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 9RQ
Explain the differences between inductive and deductive reasoning. Which of these processes generates scientific theories?
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Distinguish between inductive and deductive reasoning
The hypothetico-deductive method in science includes all of the following components except:
logical deduction (from a universal rule to particular predictions), as emphasized by Aristotle
designing a critical test for the hypothesis, as exemplified by Galileo’s test of falling objects
unquestioning acceptance of Aristotle’s authority, as practiced by late medieval scholastics
continuous testing of the hypothesis by further inquiry, as emphasized by Socrates
logical induction (from particulars to universals), as emphasized by Plato
How is the meaning of the word “theory” different in science versus common use?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 1 - Evolution is a. a belief. b. a scientific theory....Ch. 1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1 - Which of the following does not apply to...Ch. 1 - Viruses a. have DNA confined in a nucleus. b. are...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is true? a. All cells are...Ch. 1 - 1. Organisms respond to _______. Organisms acquire...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2FTBCh. 1 - Prob. 3FTBCh. 1 - An important scientific theory that explains why...Ch. 1 - 5. The molecule that guides the construction and...
Ch. 1 - What properties are shared by all forms of life?Ch. 1 - Why do organisms require energy? Where does the...Ch. 1 - Define evolution, and explain the three natural...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4RQCh. 1 - 5. What are some differences between prokaryotic...Ch. 1 - 6. What basic principles underlie scientific...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between a scientific theory...Ch. 1 - 8. What factors did Rudi control for in his open...Ch. 1 - 9. Explain the differences between inductive and...Ch. 1 - List the steps in the scientific method with a...Ch. 1 - 1. What misunderstanding causes some people to...Ch. 1 - 2. How would this textbook's definition of life...Ch. 1 - 3. Review Alexander Fleming's experiment that led...Ch. 1 - 4. Explain an instance in which your own...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5AC
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- What are some benefits and drawbacks of scientific models?arrow_forwardHow do scientists use both inference and directly observed evidence to test hypotheses and develop theories? What is their relative importance?arrow_forwardHow does the scientific meaning of “theory” differ from the common, everyday meaning of the word?arrow_forward
- Should Ockhams razor be considered an irrefutable principle of logic or a practical guideline? Why?arrow_forwardWhat did Thomas Kuhn propose? What observations were responsible for his proposal for how scienceworks? Where did he get his ideas? -philosophy of sciencearrow_forwardWhy is a theory more comprehensive than a conclusion?arrow_forward
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