Yoga and High-Risk Adolescents Can mindful yoga have a beneficial impact on alcohol use in high-risk adolescents? Read excerpts from the research published in The Journal of Child and Family Studies and answer the questions that follow. (Source: Fishbein et al., “Behavioral and psychophysiological effects of a yoga intervention on high-risk adolescents: A randomized control trial,” Journal of Child and Family Studies, vol. 25 [February 2016]: 518-529, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-015-0231-6)
Abstract: We designed a 20-session mindful yoga intervention for adolescents attending a school for students at high risk of dropping out. The 69 participants were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. Survey data were collected before and after the yoga curriculum. At the post test, students in the yoga condition exhibited trends toward decreased alcohol use as compared to control students.
a. Identify the treatment variable and the response variable.
b. Was this a controlled experiment or an observational study?
c. Based on this study, can you conclude that yoga caused a decrease in alcohol use? Why or why not?
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 1 Solutions
EP INTRODUCTORY STATISTICS-MYSTATLAB
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Introductory Statistics
Elementary Statistics Using The Ti-83/84 Plus Calculator, Books A La Carte Edition (5th Edition)
Elementary Statistics: A Step By Step Approach
Business Statistics: A First Course (8th Edition)
- What is meant by the sample space of an experiment?arrow_forwardWhat is an experiment? Give two examples.arrow_forwardEarly-Onset Dementia. Dementia is the loss of the intellectual and social abilities severe enough to interfere with judgment, behavior, and daily functioning. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia. In the article “Living with Early Onset Dementia: Exploring the Experience and Developing Evidence- Based Guidelines for Practice” (Alzheimer’s Care Quarterly, Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 111–122), P. Harris and J. Keady explored the experience and struggles of people diagnosed with dementia and their families. A hypothesis test is to be performed to decide whether the mean age at diagnosis of all people with early-onset dementia is less than 55 years old. a. determine the null hypothesis. b. determine the alternative hypothesis. c. classify the hypothesis test as two tailed, left tailed, or right tailed.arrow_forward
- NCI Cancer Bulletin, December 2, 2008 Volume 5 / Number 24 Title of the article: After Menopause, Weight Affects Breast Cancer Rates More than Mammography Use Women who are overweight or obese after menopause face an increased risk of breast cancer, but a large prospective cohort study indicates that the frequency of mammography use and screening accuracy are not the primary explanations for higher rates of breast cancer in these women. The same is true of large, invasive breast cancer tumors and advanced stage disease; risk increases with weight, but higher rates are not explained by the frequency or accuracy of screening mammography before breast cancer was diagnosed. The study appears in the December 3 Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Karla Kerlikowske of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and colleagues gathered data on 287,115 postmenopausal women who were registered in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium database. Reflecting a trend in the…arrow_forwardNCI Cancer Bulletin, December 2, 2008 Volume 5 / Number 24 Title of the article: After Menopause, Weight Affects Breast Cancer Rates More than Mammography Use Women who are overweight or obese after menopause face an increased risk of breast cancer, but a large prospective cohort study indicates that the frequency of mammography use and screening accuracy are not the primary explanations for higher rates of breast cancer in these women. The same is true of large, invasive breast cancer tumors and advanced stage disease; risk increases with weight, but higher rates are not explained by the frequency or accuracy of screening mammography before breast cancer was diagnosed. The study appears in the December 3 Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Karla Kerlikowske of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and colleagues gathered data on 287,115 postmenopausal women who were registered in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium database. Reflecting a trend in the…arrow_forwardNCI Cancer Bulletin, December 2, 2008 Volume 5 / Number 24 Title of the article: After Menopause, Weight Affects Breast Cancer Rates More than Mammography Use Women who are overweight or obese after menopause face an increased risk of breast cancer, but a large prospective cohort study indicates that the frequency of mammography use and screening accuracy are not the primary explanations for higher rates of breast cancer in these women. The same is true of large, invasive breast cancer tumors and advanced stage disease; risk increases with weight, but higher rates are not explained by the frequency or accuracy of screening mammography before breast cancer was diagnosed. The study appears in the December 3 Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Karla Kerlikowske of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and colleagues gathered data on 287,115 postmenopausal women who were registered in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium database. Reflecting a trend in the…arrow_forward
- NCI Cancer Bulletin, December 2, 2008 Volume 5 / Number 24 Title of the article: After Menopause, Weight Affects Breast Cancer Rates More than Mammography Use Women who are overweight or obese after menopause face an increased risk of breast cancer, but a large prospective cohort study indicates that the frequency of mammography use and screening accuracy are not the primary explanations for higher rates of breast cancer in these women. The same is true of large, invasive breast cancer tumors and advanced stage disease; risk increases with weight, but higher rates are not explained by the frequency or accuracy of screening mammography before breast cancer was diagnosed. The study appears in the December 3 Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Karla Kerlikowske of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and colleagues gathered data on 287,115 postmenopausal women who were registered in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium database. Reflecting a trend in the…arrow_forwardOne study of cell phones and the risk of brain cancer looked at a group of 469 people who have brain cancer. The investigators then asked about the use of cell phones. Result: “Our data suggest that the use of hand- held cellular phones is not associated with risk of brain cancer. B . Based on this study, can you determine that cellular use does not CAUSE brain cancer? Why or why not?arrow_forward"Does ginkgo improve memory?" The law allows marketers of herbs and other natural substances to make health claims that are not supported by evidence. Brands of ginkgo extract claim to "improve memory and concentration." A randomized experiment found some statistically significant evidence for such effects. The subjects were 250 healthy volunteers over 65 years old. They were randomly assigned to take ginkgo or a placebo pill (a dummy pill that looks and tastes the same). All the subjects took a battery of tests for learning and memory before treatment started and again after six weeks. a). The article said the study was double-blind. What does this mean in the context of this study? Be very specific on who's being blinded and explain why they should be blinded. b). You suspect physical fitness and mental fitness go hand-in-hand. Create a flow chart to describe a design for an experiment to include the confounding variable physical fitness. Be very specific in your design. Include all…arrow_forward
- The May 10, 2007 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine describes two large randomized, placebo-controlled trials of a vaccine for HPV-related cancer. HPV is human papillomavirus, the most common form of sexually transmitted infection. For the group of people who received the vaccine, the HPV-related cancer rate was much lower than for those who received a placebo. Which best describes the goal of this study? Group of answer choices Test a claim or make an estimate about a population proportion Establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two categorical variables Compare proportions from two populations Not enough informationarrow_forwardWas the study an experiment (see Chapter 11) or quasi-experiment (see Chapter 12)? How do you know? Levine, L. J., Burgess, S. L., & Laney, C. (2008). Effects of discrete emotions on young children’s suggestibility. Developmental Psychology, 44, 681–694. Purpose of the Study. Levine, Burgess, and Laney (2008) conducted a study to investigate the effect of children’s emotions on their memory abilities and the likelihood that their memory accuracy would decline due to leading questions about their memories for a story. This knowledge may be useful in determining the conditions under which children’s memories are less likely to be accurate, which is important in various applied situations, such as when children must testify in court about something they experienced. Method of the Study. Four- and six-year-old children participated in the study. Each child was presented with three stories. A task at the end of each story was designed to elicit happiness, sadness, or anger. This…arrow_forwardQuit Smoking: The New England Journal of Medicine published the results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment to study the effect of nicotine patches and the antidepressant bupropion on quitting smoking. The target for quitting smoking was the 8th day of the experiment. In this experiment researchers randomly assigned smokers to treatments. We conducted a hypothesis test to determine if the side effect rates are significantly different for nicotine patches versus bupropion at a 5% level of significance. (The normality conditions are met by the data.) The P-value is 0.04. What can we conclude? We reject the null hypothesis. The side effects are more painful for people taking bupropion. We reject the null hypothesis. The side effect rate for bupropion is significantly higher than the side effect rate for the nicotine patches. We fail to reject the null hypothesis. The side effect rates are different, but not significantly different. We reject the null hypothesis. The…arrow_forward
- Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...AlgebraISBN:9781680331141Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURTPublisher:Houghton Mifflin HarcourtCollege Algebra (MindTap Course List)AlgebraISBN:9781305652231Author:R. David Gustafson, Jeff HughesPublisher:Cengage Learning