The automakers of California file a suit seeking to prevent the enforcement of a law by California legislature which seeks to curb the emissions of carbon dioxide substantially from all automobiles within their territory. The automakers contend that there is already a federal law in place which puts a cap on carbon dioxide emission indirectly by placing nationwide fuel economy standards. The manufacturers claim that natural justice is being denied to them by placing even harsher restrictions through Californian law. To Explain: Tracing of relevant California and federal law.

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Over the years, the Red Cross has been guided in its use of donations by honoring donor intent. This policy helped the organization deal with a major ethical challenge after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The Red Cross received more than $1 billion in donations and initially diverted some money to ancillary operations, such as creating a strategic blood reserve. After donors objected, however, the organization reversed its decision and – honoring donor intent – used the contributions to directly benefit people affected by the tragedy. Should the American Red Cross have reversed its initial decision to divert some of the money donated for September 11 relief efforts to pressing but ancillary operations? Support your chosen position.

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Chapter 1, Problem 4RE

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Case Summary: The automakers of California file a suit seeking to prevent the enforcement of a law by California legislature which seeks to curb the emissions of carbon dioxide substantially from all automobiles within their territory. The automakers contend that there is already a federal law in place which puts a cap on carbon dioxide emission indirectly by placing nationwide fuel economy standards. The manufacturers claim that natural justice is being denied to them by placing even harsher restrictions through Californian law.

To Explain: Tracing of relevant California and federal law.

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