EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
14th Edition
ISBN: 8220106820612
Author: Backman
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 1, Problem 3SOP
The Sun is roughly 100 times the diameter of Earth. Which of the following distances is roughly 100 times the diameter of the Sun? radius of the Milky Way Galaxy; radius of the Moon; radius of Earth’s orbit around the Sun; radius of the Moon’s orbit around Earth
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The radius of the Earth's orbit is 1.50 1011 m and that of Mars is 2.28 1011 m. The star that this planet orbits is identical to our Sun. What is the orbital period of this planet?In years?
An astronomical unit (AU) is defined as the average distance between
the solar system and Alpha Centauri
the Earth and the Moon
the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy
the Earth and the Sun
It is important to have an idea about the distances between and relative sizes of celestial objects in the
solar system. In Part 1 we will pretend to shrink the solar system until its center piece, the Sun, is 67.3 cm
in diameter. This will represent the Sun which is 1,390,000 km in diameter. The scale of our model is thus:
67.3 cm
= 4.84 x 10-5 cm
km
Scale
1, 390, 000 km
To find the size or distance between objects in centimeters for the model, simply multiply the actual size
or distance in kilometers by the scale factor above.
1. Fill in following table:
Quantity
Actual Distance (km) Model Distance (cm)
Diameter of Sun
1,390,000
Diameter of Earth
12,760
Diameter of Moon
3,480
Distance Between Earth and Sun
1.5 x 108
Distance Between Earth and Moon
384,000
Distance to Proxima Centauri
3.97 x 1013
Chapter 1 Solutions
EBK FOUNDATIONS OF ASTRONOMY
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1RQCh. 1 - What is the largest dimension of which you have...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between the Solar System,...Ch. 1 - What is the difference between the Moon and a...Ch. 1 - Why do astronomers now label Pluto a dwarf planet?Ch. 1 - Why are light-years more convenient than miles,...Ch. 1 - Why is it difficult to detect planets orbiting...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8RQCh. 1 - What is the difference between the Milky Way and...Ch. 1 - What are the Milky Way Galaxys spiral arms?
Ch. 1 - Prob. 11RQCh. 1 - Where are you in the Universe? If you had to give...Ch. 1 - Prob. 13RQCh. 1 - Prob. 14RQCh. 1 - Prob. 15RQCh. 1 - How do we know? How does the scientific method...Ch. 1 - The equatorial diameter of Earth is 7928 miles. If...Ch. 1 - The equatorial diameter of the Moon is 3476...Ch. 1 - One astronomical unit (AU) is about 1.5 108 km....Ch. 1 - A typical galaxy is shown on the first page of the...Ch. 1 - The time of the Cambrian explosion is listed on...Ch. 1 - Venus orbits 0.72 AU from the Sun. What is that...Ch. 1 - Light from the Sun takes 8 minutes to reach Earth....Ch. 1 - The Sun is almost 400 times farther from Earth...Ch. 1 - If the speed of light is 3.0 105 km/s, how many...Ch. 1 - Prob. 10PCh. 1 - How long does it take light to cross the diameter...Ch. 1 - The nearest galaxy to our home galaxy is about 2.5...Ch. 1 - How many galaxies like our own would it take if...Ch. 1 - Arrange the following in order of increasing size:...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 1 - The Sun is roughly 100 times the diameter of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4SOPCh. 1 - Look at the center of Figure 14. Approximately...Ch. 1 - Look at Figure 1-6. How can you tell that Mercury...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 1 - Look at Figure 1-9. Would you say that the...Ch. 1 - Of the objects listed here, which would be...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6LTL
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- Astronomers frequently say that “there are more stars in the universe than there are grains of sand on all the beaches on the earth”. Given that a typical grain of sand is about 0.5 – 1.0 mm in diameter, estimate the number of grains of sand on all the earth’s beaches. The diameter of the Earth is 12,742 km. About 1011 About 1016 About 1021.arrow_forwardArrange the following in order of increasing size: Earth; the Sun; Earths orbit around the Sun; the Moon; you; the Milky Way Galaxy; the Moons orbit around Eartharrow_forwardThe light a planet receives from the Sun (per square meter of planet surface) decreases with the square of the distance from the Sun. So a planet that is twice as far from the Sun as Earth receives (1/2)2=0.25 times (25%) as much light and a planet that is three times as far from the Sun receives (1/3)2=0.11 times (11%) as much light. How much light is received by the moons of Jupiter and Saturn (compared to Earth), worlds which orbit 5.2 and 9.5 times farther from the Sun than Earth?arrow_forward
- The nearest star to our sun is Proxima Centauri, at a distance of 4.3 light-years from the Sun. A light-year is the distance that light travels in one year (365 days). How far away, in kilometers, is Proxima Centauri from the Sun?Express your answer using two significant figures.arrow_forwardWrite the following measurements in scientific notation. All answers should be written up to hundredths place. Follow the rules in rounding off numbers. Quantity Measurement Scientific notation 1. diameter of the sun 1391400 km 2. Speed of light 2997792458 m/s 3. distance of the earth from the sun 149597870700 m 4. size of bacteria 0.0005 m 5. diameter of proton 0.000 000 000 001 mmarrow_forwardSam is an astronomer on planet Hua, which orbits the distant star Barnard. It has recently been accepted that Hua is spherical in shape, although its exact size is unknown. While studying in the library, in the city of Joy, Sam learns that during equinox, Barnard is directly overhead in the city of Bar, located 1500.0 km north of his location. On the equinox, Sam goes outside and measures the altitude of Barnard at 83 degrees. What is the radius of Hua in km?arrow_forward
- Which of these correctly compares the masses of different objects in the universe? O A moon has less mass than a star and more mass than the planet it orbits O A planet has less mass than a galaxy and more mass than a star it orbits O A galaxy has less mass than a moon and more mass than a planet O A star has less mass than a galaxy and more mass than a planetarrow_forwardWhat would the angle between the Sun and the Earth be if the solar system were viewed from a distance of 1 pc?arrow_forwardEarth is about 150 million kilometers from the Sun (1 Astronomical Unit, or AU), and the apparent brightness of the Sun in our sky is about 1300 watts/m^2. Using these two facts and the inverse square law for light, determine the apparent brightness that we would measure for the Sun if we were located at the following positions. a) At the orbit of Venus (67 million km from the Sun). b) At the orbit of Jupiter (780 million km from the Sun). c) At the mean distance of Pluto (40 Astronomical Units).arrow_forward
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