EBK BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780133954425
Author: Maier
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 1, Problem 3AAATB
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The conclusion from a positive correlation between BDNF levels and running distance.
Introduction:
BDNF is a protein present in humans. It is also known as Brain-derived neurotrophic factor. It is programmed by the BDNF gene. It is a neurotrophin family member (growth factors family). It is associated with the growth factor of canonical nerve. Neurotrophic factors are present in the periphery and the brain.
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Researchers investigating the effect of exercise on cognitive functions conducted a con-
trolled experiment in which rats were randomly assigned to sedentary (Sed), low-intensity
exercise (Low-Ex), or high-intensity exercise (High-Ex) groups. During this exercise regi-
ment, rats were also trained to navigate a specialized water maze, and their escape la
tency, the time it took them to escape the maze, was recorded. The results of this experi-
ment are depicted in the figure below.
escape latency (sec)
100
80
60-
40-
20
0-
day 10
day 11
Escape latencies during the training phase
Based on the data above,
day 12
(b) Identify the control group in the experiment.
sed
-- low-ex
-- high-ex
(a) Identify the dependent and independent variables in the experiment.
day 13
Respond to each part in 3 to 4 complete sentences.
(c) Compare the effects of low-intensity and high-intensity exercise on the rats' cognitive func-
tion during the training period.
Part 2: Please read the following scenarios. For each scenario, identify the confound and suggest how it might be removed in a follow-up experiment.
McCann and Holmes (1984) tested the hypothesis that exercise reduces depression. They randomly assigned depressed undergraduate women either to an exercise condition (attending an aerobics class a couple of times a week for ten weeks) or to a relaxation training condition (the individuals relaxed at home by watching a videotape over the same period of time). Although the results showed that the exercise group reported less depression at the end of the ten-week period than did the relaxation group, why can't the researchers conclude that exercise reduces depression?
List four factors that might influence the reaction time to a stimulus .Consider the ruler drop response
time test you performed; do you believe it was valid and reliable? Why or why not ? Provide
justifications for your answer.
[Hints: Here are a few ideas. Will you conduct many tests on the same subjects (that means the people
you are testing))? Is it necessary to use averages? Are there any precautions to take? [Are there any
variables that must remain constant?]
Chapter 1 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1LTBCh. 1 - Which of the following is an example of inductive...Ch. 1 - A scientific hypothesis is ___________. an...Ch. 1 - How is a scientific theory different from a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5LTBCh. 1 - If I perform a hypothesis test in which I...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7LTBCh. 1 - Prob. 8LTBCh. 1 - A relationship between two factors, for instance,...Ch. 1 - A primary source of scientific results is...
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