UNIVERSE (LOOSELEAF):STARS+GALAXIES
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115043
Author: Freedman
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Question
Chapter 1, Problem 21Q
To determine
(a)
The angular size of Orion Nebula.
To determine
(b)
The angular diameter of Orion Nebula as compared to the moon.
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Use Kepler's 3rd Law and the small angle approximation.
a) An object is located in the solar system at a distance from the Sun equal to 41 AU's . What is the objects orbital period?
b) An object seen in a telescope has an angular diameter equivalent to 41 (in units of arc seconds). What is its linear diameter if the object is 250 million km from you? Draw a labeled diagram of this situation.
Use this interactive simulation of stellar parallax. Change the distance to the star to values given in column 2. Write down the parallax angle in arcsec for each distance. Convert the parallax angle to
radians. Calculate the distance. If your calculation is correct, your number in the last column should be similar to the number in column 2 (NOT THE SAME!).
1 AU is 4.85 x 10-6 pc
(Don't write units with your answer!)
Measured (true)
Parallax angle n
(in radians) (use 2 significant D (round your answer to 2
figures)
Calculated distance
Object
Parallax angle
(in arcsec)
Distance from
Position
"Sun" in pc
decimal places)
Nearest
0.5
Intermediate
1
Farthest
1.5
Part 3
1. The diameter of the Sun is 1,391,400 km. The diameter of the Moon is 3,474.8 km. Find
the ratio, r= Dsa/Dsvan between the sizes.
2. From the point of view of an obs erver on Eanth (consider the Earth as a point-like object),
during the eclipse, the Moon covers the Sun exactly. Sketch a picture to illustrate this
fact. Use a nuler to get a straight line. Your drawing does not need to be in scale.
3. The Sun is 1 Astronomical Unit (AU) away from the Earth. Find the distance between the
Earth and the Moon in AU's using the ratio of similar triangles. Show your work.
DEM=
AU.
Convert this to kilometers. Use 1 AU = 149,600,000 km.
DEM =
km.
Chapter 1 Solutions
UNIVERSE (LOOSELEAF):STARS+GALAXIES
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1QCh. 1 - Prob. 2QCh. 1 - Prob. 3QCh. 1 - Prob. 4QCh. 1 - Prob. 5QCh. 1 - Prob. 6QCh. 1 - Prob. 7QCh. 1 - Prob. 8QCh. 1 - Prob. 9QCh. 1 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 1 - Prob. 11QCh. 1 - Prob. 12QCh. 1 - Prob. 13QCh. 1 - Prob. 14QCh. 1 - Prob. 15QCh. 1 - Prob. 16QCh. 1 - Prob. 17QCh. 1 - Prob. 18QCh. 1 - Prob. 19QCh. 1 - Prob. 20QCh. 1 - Prob. 21QCh. 1 - Prob. 22QCh. 1 - Prob. 23QCh. 1 - Prob. 24QCh. 1 - Prob. 25QCh. 1 - Prob. 26QCh. 1 - Prob. 27QCh. 1 - Prob. 28QCh. 1 - Prob. 29QCh. 1 - Prob. 30QCh. 1 - Prob. 31QCh. 1 - Prob. 32QCh. 1 - Prob. 33QCh. 1 - Prob. 34QCh. 1 - Prob. 35QCh. 1 - Prob. 36QCh. 1 - Prob. 37QCh. 1 - Prob. 38QCh. 1 - Prob. 39QCh. 1 - Prob. 40QCh. 1 - Prob. 41QCh. 1 - Prob. 42Q
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- I am trying to plot the ground tracks of an orbit. But I am having a problem with finding the longitude. The equation for the longitude is shown in the image. Is the Theta GMST initially zero because the greenwich meridian points to the Aries point (x-axis). How do you calculate alpha or vernal equinox? I saw a formula for alpha which is alpha = arctan(ry/rx), but the formula was for Right Ascension angle. Is the right ascension angle the same as vernal equinox. If not, then what is the formula for vernal equinox.arrow_forward1. These images were taken six months apart, first when Earth was as far to one side of Alpha Centauri as it can get and again when Earth was as far to the other side of Alpha Centauri as it can get. Consequently, the baseline between the two observing positions is how many AU across? Answer: 1.7 arcsec USE 1.7 arcsec NOT 2.946 2. First, convert this to kilometers using your measurement of how many kilometers are in an AU. 3. Now convert the baseline to kilometers using the true value for the number of kilometers in an AU. 4. Calculate the distance to Alpha Centauri using parallax and the true baseline in kilometers. 5. Google and record the true value. 6. Calculate your percent error 7. Discuss significant sources of errorarrow_forwardThe stars in a CCD image include stars in a cluster and stars in front of the cluster (i.e. starts that don't belong to it). One group has parallaxes clustered around of 3 milli-seconds of arc (or "3 mas"). The parallaxes of the other group range from 10 mas to 15 mas. Which group contains the stars in the cluster? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- 1. These images were taken six months apart, first when Earth was as far to one side of Alpha Centauri as it can get and again when Earth was as far to the other side of Alpha Centauri as it can get. Consequently, the baseline between the two observing positions is how many AU across? Answer: 1.7 arcsec 2. First, convert this to kilometers using your measurement of how many kilometers are in an AU. 3. Now convert the baseline to kilometers using the true value for the number of kilometers in an AU. 4. Calculate the distance to Alpha Centauri using parallax and the true baseline in kilometers. 5. Google and record the true value. 6. Calculate your percent error 7. Discuss significant sources of errorarrow_forwardImagine a giant ruler at the planet's distance that is 1 arcsecond across in your image. Given this angular length, and this distance to the ruler in AU, you can calculate the physical length of the ruler in AU. This will then allow you to convert your measurement of the semi-major axis from arcseconds to AU. 0/ 360° - length / circumference (of big circle) 360° 0 = angular length =1 arcsecond lengtharrow_forwardAs we discuss in class, the radius of the Earth is approximately 6370 km. Theradius of the Sun, on the other hand, is approximately 700,000 km. The Sun is located,on average, one astronomical unit (1 au) from the Earth. Imagine that you stand near Mansueto Library, at the corner of 57th and Ellis.Mansueto’s dome is 35 feet (10.7 meters) high. Let’s imagine we put a model of theSun inside the dome, such that it just fits — that is, the model Sun’s diameter is 35 feet The nearest star to the Solar System outside of the Sun is Proxima Centauri,which is approximately 4.2 light years away. Given the scale model outlined above,how far would a model Proxima Centauri be placed from you? Give your answer inmiles and kmarrow_forward
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