Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133949640
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 17GQ
Which observations below describe chemical properties?
(a) Sugar is soluble in water.
(b) Water boils at 100 °C.
(c) Ultraviolet light converts O3 (ozone) to O2 (oxygen).
(d) Ice is less dense than water.
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(a) Atoms are very small compared to objects on the macroscopic scale. The radius of a aluminum atom is 143
pm. What is this value in meters and in centimeters?
m
cm
(b) The mass of a single aluminum atom is 4.48×10-23 g. Suppose enough Al atoms were lined up like beads on
a string to span a distance of 37.7 cm (15 inches). How many atoms would be required?
atoms
What mass in grams of Al would be used?
g
Could you weigh out this amount of aluminum using a typical laboratory balance?
(c) Taking the density of aluminum metal to be 2.70 g/cm³, calculate the mass of metal needed to form a piece of
Al wire with the same length as the distance in b, but with a diameter of 1.00 mm. Hint: The volume of a cylinder is
n times its radius squared times its height. (V = n r² h)
How many aluminum atoms does this represent?
g
atoms
3. The radius of an atom of gold (Au) is
about 1.35 A°. (a) Express this distance in
nanometers (nm) and in picometers (pm).
(b) How many gold atoms would have to
be lined up to span 1.0 mm? (c) If the
atom is assumed to be a sphere, what is
the
volume in cm3 of a single Au atom? (Note:
unit A is angstrom).
One way the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tests for chloride contaminants in water is by titrating a sample of silver nitrate solution. Any chloride
anions in solution will combine with the silver cations to produce bright white silver chloride precipitate.
Suppose an EPA chemist tests a 200. mL sample of groundwater known to be contaminated with iron(III) chloride, which would react with silver nitrate solution
like this:
FeCl3(aq) + 3 AgNO3(aq)
3 AgCl(s) +
Fe(NO3),(a9)
The chemist adds 56.0 mM silver nitrate solution to the sample until silver chloride stops forming. She then washes, dries, and weighs the precipitate. She finds
she has collected 2.8 mg of silver chloride.
Calculate the concentration of iron(III) chloride contaminant in the original groundwater sample. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant
digits.
mg
L
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Ch. 1.3 - Which of the following is a pure substance? (a)...Ch. 1.3 - Which of the following is not characteristic of a...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 1RCCh. 1.4 - Prob. 2RCCh. 1.5 - Prob. 1RCCh. 1.5 - 2. Which of the following is NOT a...Ch. 1.6 - Which of the following is NOT a physical property?...Ch. 1.6 - 2. A piece of a polypropylene rope (used for water...Ch. 1.6 - Which of the following is an extensive property of...Ch. 1.7 - When camping in the mountains, you boil a pot of...
Ch. 1.8 - Much has been written about CO2.What is its name?Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 2QCh. 1.8 - Prob. 3QCh. 1.8 - The spines of the sea urchin, corals, and...Ch. 1.8 - Which of the following has the highest thermal...Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 2RCCh. 1 - Give the name of each of the following elements:...Ch. 1 - Give the name of each of the following elements:...Ch. 1 - Give the symbol for each of the following...Ch. 1 - Give the symbol for each of the following...Ch. 1 - In each of the following pairs, decide which is an...Ch. 1 - In each of the following pairs, decide which is an...Ch. 1 - In each case, decide if the underlined property is...Ch. 1 - In each case, decide if the change is a chemical...Ch. 1 - Which part of the description of a compound or...Ch. 1 - Which part of the description of a compound or...Ch. 1 - The flashlight in the photo does not use...Ch. 1 - A solar panel is pictured in the photo. When light...Ch. 1 - Determine which of the following represent...Ch. 1 - Prob. 14PSCh. 1 - Prob. 15GQCh. 1 - Iron pyrite (fool's gold, page 11) has a shiny...Ch. 1 - Which observations below describe chemical...Ch. 1 - Which observations below describe chemical...Ch. 1 - The mineral fluorite contains the elements calcium...Ch. 1 - Azurite, a blue, crystalline mineral, is composed...Ch. 1 - You have a solution of NaCI dissolved in water....Ch. 1 - Small chips of iron are mixed with sand (see...Ch. 1 - Identify the following as either physical changes...Ch. 1 - Identify the following as either physical changes...Ch. 1 - In Figure 1.2 you see a piece of salt and a...Ch. 1 - In Figure 1.5 you see macroscopic and particulate...Ch. 1 - Prob. 27GQCh. 1 - The following photo shows copper balls, immersed...Ch. 1 - Categorize each of the following as an element, a...Ch. 1 - Categorize each of the following as an element, a...Ch. 1 - Make a drawing, based on the kinetic-molecular...Ch. 1 - Make a drawing, based on the kinetic-molecular...Ch. 1 - Hexane (C6H14, density = 0.766 g/cm3),...Ch. 1 - You have a sample of a white crystalline substance...Ch. 1 - You can figure out whether a solid floats or sinks...Ch. 1 - You are given a sample of a silvery metal. What...Ch. 1 - Milk in a glass bottle was placed in the freezing...Ch. 1 - Describe an experimental method that can be used...Ch. 1 - Diabetes can alter the density of urine, so urine...Ch. 1 - Prob. 40GQCh. 1 - The following photo shows the element potassium...Ch. 1 - Prob. 42GQCh. 1 - Four balloons are each filled with a different...Ch. 1 - Prob. 44GQCh. 1 - The photo below shows elemental iodine dissolving...Ch. 1 - A few years ago a young chemist in Vienna,...
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