General Chemistry
General Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780073402758
Author: Chang, Raymond/ Goldsby
Publisher: McGraw-Hill College
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.30QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given mathematical operation has to be done in right way and the answer should be written in correct unit with the correct number of significant figures.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures are all the digits in a measurement that are known with certainty.

Rules for significant digits

  • Digits from 1 to 9 are always significant
  • Zeros between two other significant digits are always significant.
  • One or more additional zeroes to the right of both the decimal place and other significant digits are significant.
  • Zeroes used solely for spacing the decimal point are not significant.

Rules for rounding off numbers

If the digits to the immediate right of the last significant figure are less than five do not change.

Example: 2.5322.53

If the digit to the immediate right of the last significant figures is greater than five, round up the last significant figures.

Example: 2.5362.54

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Given,

7.310km÷5.70km=?

All the given terms are in same unit so conversions of units are not required. This division operation can be done as follows,

7.310km÷5.70km=1.283

The three in 1.283 is a non-significant digit because the original number 5.70 only has three significant digits. Therefore should have only three significant digits.

The answer with correct unit with the correct number of significant figures is 1.28

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given mathematical operation has to be done in right way and the answer should be written in correct unit with the correct number of significant figures.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures are all the digits in a measurement that are known with certainty.

Rules for significant digits

  • Digits from 1 to 9 are always significant
  • Zeros between two other significant digits are always significant
  • One or more additional zeroes to the right of both the decimal place and other significant digits are significant.
  • Zeroes used solely for spacing the decimal point are not significant.

Rules for rounding off numbers

If the digits to the immediate right of the last significant figure are less than five do not change.

Example: 2.5322.53

If the digit to the immediate right of the last significant figures is greater than five, round up the last significant figures.

Example: 2.5362.54

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Given,

(3.26×103mg)(7.88×105mg)=?

All the given terms are in same unit so conversions of units are not required. This subtraction operation can be done as follows,

Writing both numbers in decimal notation,

0.00326mg0.0000788mg_0.0031812mg

The answer with correct unit with the correct number of significant figures is 0.00318mg

The bolded digits in 0.0031812mg are not significant; because the number 0.00326 has five digits to the right of the decimal point.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given mathematical operation has to be done in right way and the answer should be written in correct unit with the correct number of significant figures.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures are all the digits in a measurement that are known with certainty.

Rules for significant digits

  • Digits from 1 to 9 are always significant
  • Zeros between two other significant digits are always significant.
  • One or more additional zeroes to the right of both the decimal place and other significant digits are significant.
  • Zeroes used solely for spacing the decimal point are not significant.

Rules for rounding off numbers

If the digits to the immediate right of the last significant figure are less than five do not change.

Example: 2.5322.53

If the digit to the immediate right of the last significant figures is greater than five, round up the last significant figures.

Example: 2.5362.54

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Given,

(4.02×106dm)+(7.74×107dm)=?

All the given terms are in same unit so conversions of units are not required. This addition operation can be done as follows,

Writing both number with exponents which is equal to +7

(0.402×107dm)+(7.74×107dm)=8.14×107dm

The answer with correct unit with the correct number of significant figures is 8.14×107dm

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given mathematical operation has to be done in right way and the answer should be written in correct unit with the correct number of significant figures.

Concept introduction:

Significant figures are all the digits in a measurement that are known with certainty.

Rules for significant digits

  • Digits from 1 to 9 are always significant
  • Zeros between two other significant digits are always significant.
  • One or more additional zeroes to the right of both the decimal place and other significant digits are significant.
  • Zeroes used solely for spacing the decimal point are not significant.

Rules for rounding off numbers

If the digits to the immediate right of the last significant figure are less than five do not change.

Example: 2.5322.53

If the digit to the immediate right of the last significant figures is greater than five, round up the last significant figures.

Example: 2.5362.54

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Given,

(7.8m0.34m)/(1.15s+0.82s)=?

This subtraction, addition and division operation can be done as follows,

(7.8m0.34m)(1.15s+0.82s)=7.5m1.97s=3.8m/s

The answer with correct unit with the correct number of significant figures is 3.8m/s

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Chapter 1 Solutions

General Chemistry

Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 2PECh. 1.7 - Prob. 1RCCh. 1 - Prob. 1.1QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.2QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.3QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.4QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.5QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.6QPCh. 1 - 1.7 Do these statements describe chemical or...Ch. 1 - 1.8 Does each of these describe a physical change...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.9QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.10QPCh. 1 - 1.11 Classify each of these substances as an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.12QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.13QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.14QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.15QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.16QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.17QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.18QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.19QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.20QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.21QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.22QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.23QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.24QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.25QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.26QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.27QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.28QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.29QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.30QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.31QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.32QPCh. 1 - 1.33 The price of gold on a certain day in 2009...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.34QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.35QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.36QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.37QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.38QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.39QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.40QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.41QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.42QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.43QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.44QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.45QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.46QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.47QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.48QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.49QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.50QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.51QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.52QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.53QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.54QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.55QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.56QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.57QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.58QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.59QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.60QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.61QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.62QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.63QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.64QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.65QPCh. 1 - 1.66 A sheet of aluminum (Al) foil has a total...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.67QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.68QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.69QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.70QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.71QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.73SPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.74SPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.75SPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.76SPCh. 1 - 1.77 A pycnometer is a device for measuring the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.78SPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.79SPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.80SPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.81SP
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