Introductory Chemistry For Today
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781285644561
Author: Seager
Publisher: Cengage
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The density of gold metal is 19.3 g/cm3, while that for silver is 10.5 g/cm3. Suppose you had the same size bar of each metal, with the dimensions 2.00 in x 10.0 cm x 760 mm. Volume of a cube is height x length x width.
Which bar would have the greatest mass?
Which bar contains the greater number of atoms?
If the two bars were melted and mixed together to form an alloy (or mixture) what would be the total mass?
A one carat diamond which is made of the element carbon, weighs 0.200 grams. The average mass of a carbon atom is 12.0 atomic mass units(Amu). If 1 amu= 1.661*10^-24 grams, how many carbon atoms are present in a one carat diamond?
Bromine (atomic mass 79.904 amu) consists of 2 different naturally occurring isotopes, Br-79 (atomic mass = 78.9193 amu) and Br-81 (80.9163 amu). If a student measures out 35.47 mL of Br2(l), which has a density = 3.119 g/mL), calculate the number of atoms of Br-81 in the given volume of bromine liquid.
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- A materials engineer has filed for a patent for a new alloy to be used in golf club heads. The composition by mass ranges from 25 to 31% manganese, 6.3 to 7.8% aluminum, 0.65 to 0.85% carbon, and 5.5 to 9.0% chromium, with the remainder being iron. What are the maximum and minimum percentages of iron possible in this alloy? Use Figure 2.12 to snake a prediction about how the density of this alloy would compare with that of iron; justify your prediction.arrow_forwardWhich of these statements are qualitative? Which are quantitative? Explain your choice in each case. (a) Sodium is a silvery-white metal. (b) Aluminum melts at 660 C. (c) Carbon makes up about 23% of the human body by mass. (d) Pure carbon occurs in different forms: graphite, diamond, and fullerenes.arrow_forwardCopper: (a) Suppose you have a cube of copper metal that is 0.236 cm on a side with a mass of 0.1206 g. If you know that each copper atom (radius = 128 pm) has a mass of 1.055 1022 g (you will learn in Chapter 2 how to find the mass of one atom), how many atoms are there in this cube? What fraction of the cube is filled with atoms? (Or conversely, how much of the lattice is empty space?) Why is there empty space in the lattice? (b) Now look at the smallest, repeating unit of the crystal lattice of copper. Knowing that an edge of this cube is 361.47 pm and the density of copper is 8.960 g/cm3, calculate the number of copper atoms in this smallest, repeating unit.arrow_forward
- Classify the following as compounds or elements: a silver bromide used in photography; b calcium carbonate limestone; c sodium hydroxide lye; d uranium; e tin; f titanium.arrow_forwardSeveral samples of methane gas, the primary component of natural gas, are decomposed into carbon and hydrogen. The masses of the carbon and hydrogen are then weighed, and the results are tabulated as shown here. Which of these does not follow the law of constant composition? a. 4.0 grams hydrogen and 12.0 grams carbon b. 1.5 grams hydrogen and 4.5 grams carbon c. 7.0 grams hydrogen and 17.0 grams carbon d. 10 grams hydrogen and 30 grams carbonarrow_forwardCopper atoms. (a) What is the average mass of one copper atom? (b) Students in a college computer science class once sued the college because they were asked to calculate the cost of one atom and could not do it. But you are in a chemistry course, and you can do this. (See E. Felsenthal, Wall Street Journal, May 9, 1995.) If the cost of 2.0-mm diameter copper wire (99.9995% pure] is currently 41.70 for 7.0 g, what is the cost of one copper atom?arrow_forward
- On October 21, 1982, the Bureau of the Mint changed the composition of pennies (see Exercise 120). Instead of an alloy of 95% Cu and 5% Zn by mass, a core of 99.2% Zn and 0.8% Cu with a thin shell of copper was adopted. The overall composition of the new penny was 97.6% Zn and 2.4% Cu by mass. Does this account for the difference in mass among die pennies in Exercise 120? Assume the volume of the individual metals that make up each penny can be added together to give the overall volume of the penny, and assume each penny is the same size. (Density of Cu = 8.96 g/cm3; density of Zn = 7.14 g/cm3).arrow_forwardThe mass of a single vanadium atom is 8.46×10-23 grams. How many vanadium atoms would there be in a sample of vanadium with a volume of 305 cm3 if the density of vanadium is 6.20 g/cm3? I get confused when I'm given info that is already in scientific form. Do I expand them or do I leave it as it is? And I am not sure what form my answer is supposed to be in.arrow_forwardWhat is the mass, in grams, of exactly 230 sodium atoms? Would it be the same answer only in grams? 230 Na atoms x (1 mol/ 6.022 x 10^23 atoms) x (22.99 g Na/ 1 mol Na) = 8.78 x 10^-21 g Na I'm not sure if I set the calculation up right, but it gives me the same answer as the calculation for amu.arrow_forward
- Determine the mass in grams of 7.21 × 10²¹ atoms of carbon. (The mass of one mole of carbon is 12.01 g.)arrow_forwardTin, element 50 on the periodic table, has 10 stable isotopes. 117^Sn makes up 7.687% of naturally occurring tin atoms. How many atoms of 117^Sn are present in 72.00 g of naturally occurring tin?arrow_forwardPitchblende is the most important compound of uranium. Mass analysis of an 84.2-g sample shows that it contains 71.4 g of uranium, with oxygen the only other element. How many grams of uranium are in 102 kg of pitchblende?arrow_forward
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