Campbell Biology in Focus
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134710679
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Rebecca Orr
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 10TYU
FOCUS ON INFORMATION
A typical prokaryotic cell has about 3,000 genes in its DNA while a human cell has almost 21,000 genes About 1000 of these genes are present in both types of cells. (a) Based on your understanding of evolution explain how such different organisms could have this same subset of 1,000 genes. (b) What sorts of functions might these shared genes have? Justify your choices
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Darwin and the Theory of Evolution - V2
So how and why did Charles Darwin come to develop his ground-breaking Theory of Evolution?
In Darwin's lifetime the Christian biblical idea that about 6,000 years ago god created all the species
exactly as we see them, was the accepted belief. When he was only 22, Darwin was the naturalist on the
HMS Beagle. He voyaged around the world for 5 years, with numerous long stops to
__and observe. These observations lead him to conclude that Biblical stories could
Darwin made many
that caused him to ask key.
Some that he later used to support the Theory of Evolution included:
Darwin's 5 Observations
Key Questions
1. Rodents in South America,
and were very
from
Why are similar organisms clustered in
the same regions?
European rodents.
2. The
Why are similar living and fossilized
glyptodont looked like a
armadillo.
3. The tortoises, finches and plants on the
looked like the nearest,
organisms found in the same region?
Why did island organisms look like…
Genetic diversity
1. Why do multicellular organisms have two copies (alleles) of any given gene?
2. What genotype(s) will result in a dominant phenotype, and why?
3. What genotypes(s) will result in a recessive phenotype, and why?
4. What do mean by the “gene pool” of a population? And why is this such an important concept inunderstanding how evolution works on small scales?5. If p = 0.75, what does q equal? And how do you know this?
6. What does it mean to say that a population has been become “fixed” for a particular trait? Whatvalues for p or q tell us that fixation has occurred?
7. Ultimately, why are we concerned about the loss of genetic diversity (i.e., fixation)?
8. Contrast natural selection with genetic drift. Which one is always adaptive? Explain your answer.
9. What’s the bottleneck effect? Describe some examples of organisms that have experienced this &what caused it to occur.
10. How can gene flow help to restore variation that may have been lost through bottleneck…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus
Ch. 1.1 - Starting with the molecular level in Figure 1.3,...Ch. 1.1 - Identify me theme or themes exemplified by (a) the...Ch. 1.1 - WHAT IF? For each theme discussed in this section...Ch. 1.2 - How is a mailing address analogous to biologys...Ch. 1.2 - Explain why editing is an appropriate metaphor for...Ch. 1.2 - DRAW IT Recent evidence indicates that fungi and...Ch. 1.3 - Contrast inductive reasoning with deductive...Ch. 1.3 - What qualitative observation led to the...Ch. 1.3 - Why is natural selection called a theory?Ch. 1.3 - How does science differ from technology?
Ch. 1 - All the organisms on your campus make up A. an...Ch. 1 - Which of the following best demonstrates the unity...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 1 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 1 - Which of the following best describes the logic of...Ch. 1 - DRAW IT With rough sketches, draw a biological...Ch. 1 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Based on the results of the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 1 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION In a short essay (100-150),...Ch. 1 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION A typical prokaryotic cell...Ch. 1 - SYNTHESI7F YOUR KNOWLEDGE Can you pick out the...
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- 17) Multicellularity is an important evolutionary innovation in the history of life on Earth. For the following statements, designate which is true (T) and which is false (F). Correct the false. Multicellularity has evolved independently a few times in the history of life. Multicellular members of domain Eukarya arose through the process of endosymbiosis. Multicellular organisms have cells specialized for different functions, with each cell type having a unique genetic sequence. Cell differentiation occurs in unicellular organisms but not in multicellular organisms. Multicellular organisms are absent from the domain Archaea.arrow_forwardA CRISPR locus in a bacterium contains (a) short repeated sequences (b) short DNA sequences homologous to bacteriophages (c) genes that encode guide RNAs and one or more proteins (d) a, b, and c (e) none of the precedingarrow_forwardExplain why the answer is correct. For eukaryote cells to evolve into new types of eukaryotic organisms, which of the following would one expect to occur? The correct answer is E a) these cells have evolved because they have different DNA because of mutations b) Their endoplasmic reticulum is synthesizing new and/or different proteins. c) These specialized cells activate new genes to synthesize new proteins. d) these organisms have new characteristics because they have acquired new genes. e) all of these are truearrow_forward
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