You can choose one or more than one option   Prions are    bacterial proteins.  destroyed by heat from 50` C (or 122T)  misfolded infectious proteins aggregated

Q: Why is the Widal Test performed? What disease does it indicate? Is the Widal test reliable?…

A: 1) Widal is the presumptive serological test for the diagnosis of enteric fever ,typhoid. ▪︎ It is a…

Q: All are true of endotoxins except

A: The outer membrane of a gram-negative bacteria made of lipopolysaccharide which acts as…

Q: Which of the following will include induce fever?

A: The general ability of a body to recognize and neutralize or destroy the foreign substance or resist…

Q: Which of the following is considered an extracellular enzyme & a virulence factor? sequesterase…

A: An extracellular enzyme is an enzyme that is produced by cells and released into the extracellular…

Q: Which type of pathogen is the easiest to destroy?

A: Answer: PATHOGEN : These are the foreign particles which enters the host body and are able to cause…

Q: Staphylococcus aureus excretes a food poisoning toxin which, when ingested, produces nausea and…

A: Introduction: Streptococcus aureus has  recognized as  the most bacteria that cause disease in…

Q: Feces, gastric secretions, and urine are not considered infectious unless  there is contact with a…

A: C. They are visibly contaminated with blood

Q: Using hand soaps or household cleaning products labelled as “antibacterial” is healthier for you and…

A: All the evidences recommends that the utilization of antibacterial & antimicrobial cleaning…

Q: Which of the bacteria would likely carry an endotoxin? Mark all that apply - Shigella sonnei -…

A: Bacteria are prokaryotes without any cell organelles or well defined nuclear region. They are mainly…

Q: A strain of Shigella has a mutation causing it to lose the ability to produce fimbriae and become…

A: Shigella is a type of bacteria that causes shigellosis, a common bacterial infection that affects…

Q: IN general encapsulated strains of Streptoccus pneumoiae are more virulent thatn nonencapsulated…

A: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive pathogen. it is responsible to cause pneumonia which is…

Q: Which of the following is a major culprit of nosocomial wound infections? Staphylococcus epidermis…

A: Nosocomial infections are also called as hospital acquired infection. These types of infections are…

Q: Pathogenic bacteria can produce exotoxin, Describe how exotoxin from three different affects human…

A: Exotoxins are toxins produced by bacteria during their growth and metabolism and further released…

Q: Clostridium difficile is a part of the normal intentinal microbiota. When multiple antibiotics are…

A: Clostridium difficile is a gram positive bacterium that infects the bowel of a person and causes…

Q: Bacteria can avoid being swallowed by phagocytic white blood cells producing which virulence factor?…

A: When bacteria enter inside the body then the antigens present on the bacteria can be recognized by…

Q: Bacterial capsules work by _____. View Available Hint(s) for Part E       protecting the bacterium…

A: So correct option will be protecting the bacterium from engulfment Capsules made of substances…

Q: in order for a bacterial pathogen to colonise a host epithelial cell surface, which set of potential…

A: Introduction   Microorganisms develop or secrete some factors that can evoke pathogenicity in the…

Q: 18) What is the second link in the chain of transmission? O infectious agent O portal of entry O…

A: The entry and multiplication of microorganisms that are not present inside the body are referred to…

Q: How is L. pneumophila acquired?

A: The L. pneumophila is basically a facultative parasite found in intracellular environment as primary…

Q: Exotoxins Endotoxins Chemical makeup General source Degree of toxicity Effects on cells Symptoms in…

A: Cells are affected by chemicals that confer toxic effects on them. The toxins can be classified as…

Q: The danger of a streptococcal infection of the throat, called a septic sore throat, is that ___.…

A:

Q: What is the possible role of the axostyle in the pathogenesis of trich?

A: Ans: The Trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of one of the most common sexually transmitted…

Q: Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause disease in immunocompromised people. What are two characteristics -…

A: P.aeruginosa is a rod shaped,gramnegative mono flagellated bacterium.It is an opportunistic pathogen…

Q: Which of the following dishes can put you at risk for salmonella? Caesar salad cheese soufflé ham…

A: Salmonella is a bacteria and is often associated with food poisoning called salmonellosis. Symptoms…

Q: Many visits to your physician do not result in a culture or a drug-test of the causative infectious…

A:

Q: The viral infection process can be:  dependent on the cell type.  linked to membrane fusion…

A: Infection is defined as the invasion and multiplication of harmful microorganisms within the host…

Q: A patient has cure from malaria, after few months the patient has got the same malarial attack. What…

A: Malaria is a severe and often deadly disease caused by a parasite that is spread by a mosquito…

Q: Which of the following pathogens is the LEAST virulent?   1. Microbe B, ID50 =  1,000 cells 2.…

A: Introduction:-  The ID50, or infectious dose, 50 percent, is another way to evaluate virulence. This…

Q: bactericidal antibiotics arrest the replication of bacteria

A: Antibiotics are drug which inhibits the growth of or destroys the microorganisms. Antibiotic are…

Q: Compare and contrast the virulence factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus…

A: Streptococcal infections more dangerous than staphylococcal infections as the former can cause acute…

Q: Which of these microbes is a virus? HIV SARS-COV-2 O Herpes zoster O all of the above

A: Virus is a infective agent which is living inside host and dead outside.Virus consists of RNA or DNA…

Q: Give

A: Opportunistic infections are caused by microorganisms that are normally harmless or even beneficial…

Q: Resistance to antimicrobial agents is more commonly seen in hospital-acquired infections with…

A: Bacteria acquire drug resistance and spread within their population. Drug resistance in bacteria…

Q: Which best represents a chemical mediator that inhibits pathogen invasion? keratin antibacterial…

A: There are various chemical barriers against infection causing agents such as bacteria. Enzymes in…

Q: A nosocomial infection can be caused by one's own normal flora due to a compromised immune system…

A: Definition--A nosocomial infection also called "hospital acquired infection (HAI)" can be defined…

Q: Which of the following organisms contain a pathogenicity island that encodes for type III secretion…

A: Type  secretion systems (TTSS) and other virulence factors are encoded in sections of DNA called…

Q: Gram positive case   on the first day back to class at the local university, a student noticed a…

A: While many microorganisms are beneficial to humans, some can be dangerous. They may contaminate…

Q: Which of the following are factors that can put hospitalized patients at risk of contracting…

A: Infection refers to the entry of microorganisms into a host body followed by the multiplication of…

Q: You might expect that lysozyme, the protective mechanism included in mammalian tears would protect…

A: Answer.) :- Lysozyme is an enzyme that is naturally present in various bodily fluids, including…

Q: Which of the following does not belong to the group?       Antimicrobial proteins…

A: The human body is home to many different types of cells, each with their own unique function. One…

Q: The following is true about Candida albicans O It is a eukaryote O It is part of our normal…

A: All of the microorganisms that naturally inhabit our bodies and inside of us, including bacteria,…

Q: Look at these two plates. Which organism is most susceptible to antibiotics?

A: Q. Look at these two plates. Which organism is most susceptible to antibiotics?

Q: All the following about Poliomyelitis 1 point are correct except Humans are the only natural host.…

A: Poliomyelitis is a disease caused by polio virus . A poliovirus causes poliomyelitis, which is an…

Q: the type of capsid (helical, icosahedral, etc) whether or not it has an envelope any spike proteins…

A: Hepatitis virus has basically five types:- A, B, C, D, E, G Hepatitis- B is the most widely spread…

Q: Echinococcus granulosus does NOT need an intermediate host. O False O True

A: The parasites are heterotrophic organisms that depends on a particular host for survival and…

Q: Different strains of Streptococcus pyogenes have different virulence factors, giving these microbes…

A: Streptococcus pyogenes is the leading cause of uncomplicated bacterial pharyngitis and tonsillitis…

Q: Hepatitis B Virus is 42nm in diameter. Sacromyces cervisiae (a yeast) has a diameter of 4um in…

A: The living world contains different types of organisms such as bacteria, protozoans, plants, animals…