You are studying a new inhibitor that you know preventsproper formation of ribosomes by binding to, andinhibiting, one of the eukaryotic RNA polymerases.Which polymerase(s) could it potentially be binding to andwhy would that prevent proper ribosome formation?

Let's break down the explanation further and provide an example to illustrate the concept: RNA…

Answered: You are studying a new inhibitor that…

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter15: Genes And Proteins

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3VCQ: Figure 15.16 Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. For example, tetracycline blocks...

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Linezolid is a new type of antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis in several bacterial species by bindingto the 50S subunit of the ribosome and inhibiting its ability to participate in the formation of translationalinitiation complexes. Physicians are particularlyinterested in this antibiotic for treating pneumoniacaused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (also called pneumococci). To explore themechanisms by which pneumococci can developresistance to linezolid, you first want to identifylinezolid-resistant strains. Next, using one of thesestrains as starting material, you want to identifyderivatives of these mutants that are no longertolerant of linezolid.a. Outline the techniques you would use to identifylinezolid-resistant mutant pneumococci andlinezolid-sensitive derivatives of these mutants.In each case, would your techniques involve directselection, screening, replica plating, treating withmutagens, or testing for a visible phenotype?b. Suggest possible…
In the: The 6 factor that does not dissociate from the RNA polymerase Holoenzyme Explain: (a) What is the process affected? (b) What is the Effect on the process? (c) Does it affect prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both?
Describe in your own words why it makes sense for the RNA polymerase and the ribosome to form a complex in bacteria. How do they need to be oriented relative to each other? Why does this not work in eukaryotes?This question is based on RNA Polymerase (RNAP).
Not all proteins are made from the RNA genome ofbacteriophage MS2 in the same amounts. Can you explainwhy? One of the proteins functions very much like a repressor,but it functions at the translational level. Which protein is itand how does it function?
in lecture we learned that translation is the process of what happens when a strand of RNA is translated into protein with the use of genetic information from RNA. i understand that the process is very different from eukaryotes and prokaryotes. My question is what would happen if the processes were switched? like the process for eukaryotes was now for prokaryotes and vice versa. Would it work but just not be as efficient or not work at all?
Would a chimeric translation system containing thelarge ribosomal subunit from E. coli and the small ribosomal subunit from yeast (a unicellular eukaryote) beable to function in protein synthesis? Explain why orwhy not.
How do sigma factors help regulate gene expression during the transition to stationary phase? O Sigma factors create extra nutrients by fixing CO2 and N2 in the air, thereby preventing the onset of stationary phase. O Different sigma factors recognize different promoters. Sigma factors that recognize stress response and catabolic metabolism promoters are expressed during stationary phase and the housekeeping sigma factor is downregulated, Thus, transcription shifts toward stress response and away from growth, O Sigma factors bind the ribosome and block it from translating certain MRNAS that no longer need to be translated in stationary phase O Signa factors are transcriptional inhibitors, they stop transcription entirely so the bacteria don't waste energy on transcription during starvation O Stationary phase is caused by rifampin treatment, and sigma factors block rifampin activity. thereby preventing the onset of stationary phase.
In the: Mutation of the 28S RNA preventing the binding of the 40S with 60S ribosomes Explain: (a) What is the process affected? (b) What is the Effect on the process? (c) Does it affect prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both?
What evidence supports the view that ribosomal RNAs are a more important component of the ribosome than the ribosomal proteins?
(b) (c) Point mutations in multiple tumor suppressor proteins have been linked to cancer. For example changes in the gene for adenomatous-polyposis-coli protein (APC gene) may result in colorectal cancer. Consider the following DNA sense strand. 3-TAC CGG TTG TGA AGC TGA ATC-5' Derive the mRNA molecule from the given DNA strand sequence above, paying attention to the polarity of the molecule. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Write down the polypeptide chain sequence arising from the mRNA molecule of the question above, using the table of the genetic code (Table Q1 overleaf) and indicate the C- and the N-terminus of the peptide chain. Point mutations of a cytosine (C) often lead to the dysfunction of the APC protein. Write down all possible polypeptide chains that can result from all possible DNA mutations of cytosines, disregarding a mutation in the MET/START and STOP codons. Specify which of the point mutations identified in (d) are redundant? For the given tRNA for Thrombin (Thr) write down all…
Antibiotic X binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of 70S ribosomes and blocks normal ribosomal function. Which of the following is true of this drug? It would interfere with protein synthesis in bacteria, but not affect eukaryotic ribosomes. It would interfere with peptidoglycan syntheis/repair in bacteria, but not affect eukaryotes as they lack peptidoglycan. It would interfere with mRNA transcription in bacteria and in eukaryotes. It would interfere with protein synthesis in bacteria and eukaryotes. It would interfere with mRNA transcription in bacteria, but not affect eukaryotic transcription. It would interfere with peptidoglycan syntheis/repair in bacteria, as well as in eukaryotes that possess cell walls.
During the biosynthesis of ribosomes, rRNA synthesized in the (fill in) Nuclear membrane nucleolus Cytoplasm Nuclear pore complex And Ribosomal proteins are assembled together into the rirbosomal subunits which are then shipped to the cytoplasm where mature ribosomes are finally assembled. Free ribosomes are localized in the cytoplasm and synthesize cytoplasmic proteins such as [ans2]. While no protein synthesis takes place in the sER, it is an important site for the synthesis of (fill in) DNA tyrosine kinase receptors alcohol integrins tubulin proton pumps RNA phospholipids The sER plays also an important role in detoxification of different types of drugs, which is why ( fill in) Liver Bone Brain skin cells display a large sER. In addition, the sER functions as a reservoir for the storage of (fill in) Iron Iodine Calcium Sodium Ions in many type of cells

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You are studying a new inhibitor that you know prevents proper formation of ribosomes by binding to, and inhibiting, one of the eukaryotic RNA polymerases. Which polymerase(s) could it potentially be binding to and why would that prevent proper ribosome formation?