You are evaluating a 55 year old breast cancer patient who has been on Raloxifene and Pertuzumab for the past year, which of these features do you think is least indicative of tumor resistance? Group of answer choices Tumor regression and remission after therapy Relapse after remission Increasing tumor size Metastatic lesion in the sternum

2. Bill, 85 years old dx with terminal cancer wants to live but is worried about the quality of his life. His options are 1. Chemotherapy will extend his life for 2-3 years ($100,000/year). 2. New cancer Rx will extend his life for 5 years ($400,000/year)  3. He would sell everything but would only have enough money for 1 year of the new drug Chemo which would cost $300,000 for 3 years while New RX will cost $2 million. Which option should he choose and why?

Childhood exposure to all of the following risk factors increases susceptibility to cancer except. O a. drugs. b. viruses. O c. ionizing radiation. d. cigarette smoke.

Briefly discuss tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and cancer treatments.

Research a cancer caused by an oncogenic virus.  how the virus disrupts normal cell function and causes cancer to develop.  What risk factors exist that make individuals more susceptible to this type of disease? Are there any preventative measures that can be taken to mitigate the risk of contracting this disease? What therapies are available or being developed that combat this disease?  what are the methods of action for all therapies available.

A brain tumor on histology exam is cystic, has cells of uniform size, and has no mitotic figures. From this you know the tumor   a has metasticized from the body.   b is low-grade.   c is likely a high-grade glioblastoma multiforne.   d is a meningioma.

how is evading growth receptors necessary for cancer development and how is it driving cancer formation. in 3-6 sentences.

How does knowing and understanding the history of cancer provide support for someone with a cancer diagnosis? Does knowing your enemy- knowing cancer-bring some kind of comfort?

A second hit might arise because of viral infection. Tumor-initiating viruses often target RB1 for inactivation. What advantage would a virus gain by inactivating RB function in the host cell? Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an example of a virus that inactivates RB and causes tumors. Which cancer is HPV infection most closely associated with? How is HPV able to inactivate RB? (3-4 sentences only) (You’ll need to use the internet for this question, so make sure you paraphrase AND cite your sources)

Which of the following drugs would directly target the ability of cancer cells to evade cell growth suppressors? (evading the growth suppressor hallmark) Anti-inflammatory drugs VEGF signaling inhibitors Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors Telomerase inhibitors