You are considering two identical firms one levered the other not. Both firms have expected EBIT of $600. The value of the unlevered firm (vU) is $2000. The corporate tax rate (t) is 30%. The cost of debt (rD) is 10%, and the ratio of debt to equity (D/E) is 1 for the levered firm. (a) Calculate the cost of equity for both the levered (rL) and unlevered firms (rU). (b) Calculate the weighted average cost of capital for each firm. (c) Why is the cost of equity higher for the levered firm, but the WACC lower? (d) In an MM world without taxes, what is the optimal capital structure?

You are considering two identical firms one levered the other not. Both firms have expected EBIT of $600. The value of the unlevered firm (vU) is $2000. The corporate tax rate (t) is 30%. The cost of debt (rD) is 10%, and the ratio of debt to equity (D/E) is 1 for the levered firm. (a) Calculate the cost of equity for both the levered (rL) and unlevered firms (rU). (b) Calculate the weighted average cost of capital for each firm. (c) Why is the cost of equity higher for the levered firm, but the WACC lower? (d) In an MM world without taxes, what is the optimal capital structure?

Essentials Of Investments

11th Edition

ISBN:9781260013924

Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.

Publisher:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.

Chapter1: Investments: Background And Issues

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PS

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You would like to estimate the weighted average cost of capital for a new airine business. Based on its industry asset beta, you have already estimated an unlevered cost of capital for the firm of 8%. However, the new business will be 23% debt financed, and you anticipate its debt cost of capital will be 5%. If its corporate tax rate is 30%, what is your estimate of its WACC? The equity cost of capital is. (Round to two decimal places.)
A company currently has a WACC of 10.6 percent and no debt. The tax rate is 21 percent. a. What is the company’s current cost of equity? b. If the firm converts to 40 percent debt with a cost of 6%, what will its cost of equity be? And the WACC? c. If the firm converts to 60 percent debt with a cost of 6% , what will its cost of equity be? And the WACC? d. What can you conclude from the values of the cost of equity and WACC obtained in b. and c. Please show excel formulas
A levered firm has a pretax cost of debt of 6.8 percent and an unlevered cost of capital of 14 percent. The tax rate is 21 percent and the cost of equity is 17.7 percent. What is the debt-to-equity ratio? O 0.65 0.47 0.41 O 0.52
Pls help correctly, I only need c part and correct with approach and explanation.
You are comparing two possible capital structures for a firm. The first option is an all-equity firm. The second option involves the use of $3.8 million of debt. The break-even point between these two financing options occurs when earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) are $428,000. Given this, you know that leverage is beneficial to the firm: A- whenever EBIT exceeds $428,000 B- whenever EBIT is less than $428,000 C- only when EBIT is $428,000 D- only if the debt is decreased by $428,000 E- only is the debt is increased by $428,000
A company is considering its optimal capital structure. The firm currently has 1 million shares outstanding at $ 20 per share (tax rate = 40%) and a debt balance of $5 million. Currently, its (levered) beta is 1.5 and its ERP is 5.5%. The current risk-free rate is 5%. Your research indicate the following ratings and pre-tax cost of debt across the different debt ratios: D/(D+E) Rating Pre-tax cost of debt 0% AAA 10% 10% AA 10.5% 20% A 11% 30% BBB 12% 40% BB 13% 50% B 14% 60% CCC 16% 70% CC 18% 80% C 20% 90% D 25% a. Using the optimal WACC approach, what is the firm's optimal debt ratio? b. Calculate the company's unlevered value, assuming that the probability of default is 5% and the company loses 30% of its value in the event of a default.
Dillon Labs has asked its financial manager to measure the cost of each specific type of capital as well as the weighted average cost of capital. The weighted average cost is to be measured by using the following weights: 40% long-term debt, 15% preferred stock, and 45% common stock equity (retained earnings, new common stock, or both). The firm's tax rate is 26%. Debt The firm can sell for $1005 a 13-year, $1,000-par-value bond paying annual interest at a 6.00% coupon rate. A flotation cost of 2.5% of the par value is required. Preferred stock 7.00% (annual dividend) preferred stock having a par value of $100 can be sold for $98. An additional fee of $5 per share must be paid to the underwriters. Common stock The firm's common stock is currently selling for $80 per share. The stock has paid a dividend that has gradually increased for many years, rising from $2.50 ten years ago to the $4.92 dividend payment, D0, that the company just recently made. If…
Suppose Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company has an equity cost of capital of 7.9%, a debt cost of capital of 6.4%, a marginal corporate tax rate of 21%, and a debt-equity ratio of 2.7. Assume that Goodyear maintains a constant debt-equity ratio. a. What is Goodyear's WACC? b. What is Goodyear's unlevered cost of capital? c. Explain, intuitively, why Goodyear's unlevered cost of capital is less than its equity cost of capital and higher than its WACC. a. What is Goodyear's WACC? The WACC is %. (Round to two decimal places.)
An outside consultant has suggested that because debt is cheaper than equity, the firm should switch to a capital structure that is 50 percent debt and 50 percent equity. Under this new and more debt-oriented arrangement, the aftertax cost of debt is 9.00 percent, and the cost of common equity (in the form of retained earnings) is 17.00 percent. b. Recalculate the firm's weighted average cost of capital. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Input your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) Debt Common equity Weighted average cost of capital Weighted Cost % 0.00 %
If financial leverage of a firm is 4, Interest 6,00,000, Operating Leverage is 3, Variable cost to sales is 66.66%, Income tax rate is 30%, Number of Equity Shares 1, 00, 000. Calculate fixed cost and EPS of the firms. (For your reference, OL = Contribution/EBIT; FL = EBIT/EBT and CL = OL*FL)
Dillon Labs has asked its financial manager to measure the cost of each specific type of capital as well as the weighted average cost of capital. The weighted average cost is to be measured by using the following weights: 35% long-term debt, 20% preferred stock, and 45% common stock equity (retained earnings, new common stock, or both). The firm's tax rate is 21%. Debt The firm can sell for $1030 a 13-year, $1,000-par-value bond paying annual interest at a 7.00% coupon rate. A flotation cost of 2% of the par value is required. Preferred stock 8.5% (annual dividend) preferred stock having a par value of $100 can be sold for $90. An additional fee of $4 per share must be paid to the underwriters. Common stock The firm's common stock is currently selling for $60 per share. The stock has paid a dividend that has gradually increased for many years, rising from $2.75 ten years ago to the $5.41 dividend payment, D0, that the company just recently made. If the…
You have been hired by the CFO of Lugones Industries to help estimate its cost of common equity. You have obtained the following data: (1) rd = yield on the firm's bonds = 7.00% and the risk premium over its own debt cost = 4.00%. (2) rRF = 5.00%, RPM = 6.00%, and b = 1.25. (3) D1 = $1.20, P0 = $35.00, and g = 8.00% (constant). You were asked to estimate the cost of common based on the three most commonly used methods and then to indicate the difference between the highest and lowest of these estimates. What is that difference? 1.13% 1.50% 1.88% 2.34% 2.58%

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