Advanced Engineering Mathematics
Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780470458365
Author: Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
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Rather than use the standard definitions of addition and scalar multiplication in R3, suppose these two operations are defined as follows. With these new definitions, is R3 a vector space? Justify your answers.
(a) (X1, Y1, Z1) + (x2, Y2, Z2) = (x1 + X2, Y1 + Y2, z1 + Z2)
C(x, y, z) = (cx, cy, 0)
O The set is a vector space.
O The set is not a vector space because the associative property of addition is not satisfied.
O The set is not a vector space because it is not closed under scalar multiplication.
O The set is not a vector space because the associative property of multiplication is not satisfied.
O The set is not a vector space because the multiplicative identity property is not satisfied.
(b) (x1, Y1, Z1) + (X2, Y2, Z2) = (0, 0, 0)
c(x, y, z) = (cx, cy, cz)
O The set is a vector space.
O The set is not a vector space because the commutative property of addition is not satisfied.
O The set is not a vector space because the additive identity property is not satisfied.
O The set is not a vector space because it is not closed under scalar multiplication.
O The set is not a vector space because the multiplicative identity property is not satisfied.
(c) (X1, Y1, Z1) + (X2, Y2, Z2) = (x1 + x2 + 5, Y1 + Y2 + 5, z1 + z2 + 5)
c(x, y, z) = (cx, cy, cz)
O The set is a vector space.
O The set is not a vector space because the additive identity property is not satisfied.
O The set is not a vector space because the additive inverse property is not satisfied.
O The set is not a vector space because it is not closed under scalar multiplication.
O The set is not a vector space because the distributive property is not satisfied.
(d) (x1, Y1, Zz1) + (x2, Y2, Z2) = (x1 + X2 + 3, y1 + Y2 + 3, z1 + z2 + 3)
c(x, y, z) = (cx + 3c - 3, cy + 3c - 3, cz + 3c - 3)
O The set is a vector space.
O The set is not a vector space because the additive identity property is not satisfied.
O The set is not a vector space because it is not closed under scalar multiplication.
O The set is not a vector space because the distributive property is not satisfied.
O The set is not a vector space because the multiplicative identity property is not satisfied.
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Transcribed Image Text:Rather than use the standard definitions of addition and scalar multiplication in R3, suppose these two operations are defined as follows. With these new definitions, is R3 a vector space? Justify your answers. (a) (X1, Y1, Z1) + (x2, Y2, Z2) = (x1 + X2, Y1 + Y2, z1 + Z2) C(x, y, z) = (cx, cy, 0) O The set is a vector space. O The set is not a vector space because the associative property of addition is not satisfied. O The set is not a vector space because it is not closed under scalar multiplication. O The set is not a vector space because the associative property of multiplication is not satisfied. O The set is not a vector space because the multiplicative identity property is not satisfied. (b) (x1, Y1, Z1) + (X2, Y2, Z2) = (0, 0, 0) c(x, y, z) = (cx, cy, cz) O The set is a vector space. O The set is not a vector space because the commutative property of addition is not satisfied. O The set is not a vector space because the additive identity property is not satisfied. O The set is not a vector space because it is not closed under scalar multiplication. O The set is not a vector space because the multiplicative identity property is not satisfied. (c) (X1, Y1, Z1) + (X2, Y2, Z2) = (x1 + x2 + 5, Y1 + Y2 + 5, z1 + z2 + 5) c(x, y, z) = (cx, cy, cz) O The set is a vector space. O The set is not a vector space because the additive identity property is not satisfied. O The set is not a vector space because the additive inverse property is not satisfied. O The set is not a vector space because it is not closed under scalar multiplication. O The set is not a vector space because the distributive property is not satisfied. (d) (x1, Y1, Zz1) + (x2, Y2, Z2) = (x1 + X2 + 3, y1 + Y2 + 3, z1 + z2 + 3) c(x, y, z) = (cx + 3c - 3, cy + 3c - 3, cz + 3c - 3) O The set is a vector space. O The set is not a vector space because the additive identity property is not satisfied. O The set is not a vector space because it is not closed under scalar multiplication. O The set is not a vector space because the distributive property is not satisfied. O The set is not a vector space because the multiplicative identity property is not satisfied.
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