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Question

a. A dental x-ray machine has a 60 kV accelerating voltage and a tungsten target. A
typical exposure uses an 8.0 mA electron current for 18 s. What is the approximate
power of the x-ray emission? The conversion efficiency is not known precisely, so a
one-significant-figure answer is appropriate.


b. What is the x-ray intensity at the jaw, 15 cm from the source? Assume that the x rays
are emitted uniformly in all directions from a single point.

c. A molar tooth can be approximated as a 9-mm-diameter, 20-mm-long cylinder. X rays
impinge on a molar from the side, perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. Approxi-
mately what x-ray energy enters a molar during the exposure?

4. X rays are generated by accelerating electrons through a large potential difference AV and allowing them to strike a metal target. Most of the electron energy is dissipated as heat, but the interaction of the high-speed electrons with the target atoms transforms some of the energy into x rays. The efficiency of the conversion is approximately (Z x 10-9 V-¹)AV, where Z is the atomic number of the target.
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Transcribed Image Text:4. X rays are generated by accelerating electrons through a large potential difference AV and allowing them to strike a metal target. Most of the electron energy is dissipated as heat, but the interaction of the high-speed electrons with the target atoms transforms some of the energy into x rays. The efficiency of the conversion is approximately (Z x 10-9 V-¹)AV, where Z is the atomic number of the target.
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Given:target used is tungsten, hence its atomic number, Z = 74the potential difference, ΔV = 60 kV = 60×103 Vexposure current, I​= 8.0 mA = 8×10−3 Aexposure time, te = 18 sdistance between the source and jaw, r = 15 cm = 0.15 massumed that source is a point source.dimension of the molar tooth, modelled as a cylinder,length of the cylinder, L​ = 20 mm = 20×10−3 mdiameter of the cylinder, D = 9×10−3 mAsked:a. Power of X−ray emmission, Pe = ?b. Intensity of the radiations at the jaw, I = ?c. Amount of energy that enters the molar toothduring the exposure time, E = ?

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