Write the net equation for electron transfer from NADH to O2.
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Write the net equation for electron transfer from NADH to O2.
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- Define the reason behind the increase in absorbance of NADH at 340?The coenzyme NADP is the terminal electron acceptor in chloroplasts, according to the reaction 2 H₂O + 2 NADP+ 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O₂ Calculate the equilibrium constant, K'eq, for this reaction at 25 °C. + Use an E'° of -0.324 V for NADP and 0.816 V for H₂O. K'eq = x10What ratoe of NADPH to NADP+ is required to maintain [GSH]=10mM and [GSSH]= 1 mM?
- Explain the quantum requirements for the generation of one O2 and two NADPHExplain the reduction potential of the NAD+/NADH couple?The net equation for oxidative phosphorylation can be written as 2NADH + 2 H+ + O2 →2 H2O + 2 NAD+. Write an analogous equation for the light reactions of photosynthesis.
- Per NADH consumed by Complex I, indicate the number for each, AS those reducing equivalents flow through the electron transport chain. In other words, if "XYZ" molecule gets reduced at one step and then re-oxidized at the next step, that would count as 1 XYZ reduced. Think Total not Net. a)Total # of Cytochrome C proteins reduced b)Total # of H+ pumped across membrane c)Total # of H2O producedIn the following representation of stepwise electron flow through the respira- tory chain, replace the question marks with suitable parameters being judged. -0.4 NADH 240 -0.2 FMN, 200 0.0 160 0.2 120 0.4F cyt c 80 0.6 40 0.8 (a) ? (b) ?Under standard conditions, NADH reoxidation by the electron-transport chain has a free-energy change equal to –220 kJ/mol. With 100% efficiency, how many ATP could be synthesized under standard conditions? What is the "actual" efficiency given these numbers?
- Which would be expected to generate more ATP per electron carried—NADH or FADH2?Explain how the mechanism of ATP generation in the chloroplast similar to that in the mitochondria? What molecule serves as the terminal e- acceptor in the electron transport system of aerobic respiration? (Or how is this acceptor different from the terminal e- acceptor of the electron transport system in the chloroplast?) Why does respiration rarely meet its theoretical maximum energy yield? (Hint: In class we identified three potential reasons. Sketch the "dumbbell" model of a plant with equal size leaf and root compartments. On the model identify the major environmental controllers of respiration rate in the leaf and What are the major environmental controls over respiration rate in the above and below ground compartment of a plant? On a graph of respiration rate (Y-axis) and time of day, 0 through 24 h (X-axis) sketch the diurnal time course of leaf respiration and root respiration.It is estimated that each electron pair donated by NADH leads to the synthesis of approximately three ATP molecules, whereas each electron pair donated by FADH2 leads to the synthesis of approximately two ATP molecules. What is the underlying reason for the difference in yield for electrons donated by FADH2 versus NADH?