With two COVID-19 vaccines now in the final stages of approval for use in the U.S., 63% of Americans say they are willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccination approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), up from 50% who said this in September. The December results came from a Gallup poll conducted Nov. 16-29, 2020, with a random sample of 2,968 adults. The September results came from a Gallup poll conducted Sept. 14-27, 2020, with a random sample of 2,730 adults. Does this data suggest that the share of Americans who say they plan to get vaccinated has increased? State and test the relevant hypotheses at significance level 0.10 by using the P-value method.

A manufacturer of laptop computers claims that only 1% of their computers are defective. In a sample of 600 computers, it was found that 3% were defective. If the proportion of defectives were really only 1%, there would be than 1 chance in 1000 of getting such a large proportion of defective laptops in the sample. Is there statistically significant  evidence against the manufacturer's claim? Why or Why not?

According to Gallup's December 2004 Lifestyle poll, 55% of U.S. adults said that that they get enough sleep. A researcher, suspecting things have changed since 2004, selects a random sample of 855 U.S. adults and finds 52.3% say they get enough sleep. At the 5% level of significance is there evidence that the proportion of adults that say they get enough sleep has changed since 2004? (Complete the full four step process.) Yes No

Over the past few decades, public health officials have examined the link between weight concerns and teen girls' smoking. Researchers surveyed a group of 273 randomly selected teen girls living in Massachusetts (between 12 and 15 years old). After four years the girls were surveyed again. Sixty-three said they smoked to stay thin. Is there good evidence that more than thirty percent of the teen girls smoke to stay thin? Correctly identify the null and alternative hypotheses:

You are concerned that nausea may be a side effect of Tamiflu, but you cannot just give Tamiflu to patients with the flu and say that nausea is a side effect if people become nauseous. This is because nausea is common for people who have the flu.Past studies state that about 33% of people who get the flu experience nausea. You collected data on 2248 patients who were taking Tamiflu to relieve symtoms of the flu, and found that 810 experienced nausea. You decide to carry out a simulation to test the claim that the percentage of people who take Tamiflu for the relief of flu symtoms and experience nausea is greater than 33%.a) Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.H0H0: ? p = p ≠ p < p > p ≤ p ≥ μ = μ ≠ μ < μ > μ ≤ μ ≥  H1H1: ? p = p ≠ p < p > p ≤ p ≥ μ = μ ≠ μ < μ > μ ≤ μ ≥

Homechooling has become very popular in the United States, and many colleges try to attract students from this group. Evidence suggests that approximately 90% of all homeschooled children attend college. To check this claim, a random sample of 208 homeschooled children was obtained, and 180 of them were found to have attended college. The researcher wishes to determine whether the proportion of homeschool children who attend college is different from 0.90. Test an appropriate hypothesis and state your conclusion. Make sure to state and check all conditions and state your conclusion in context.

Most cases of cervical cancer are linked to a few strains of the human papilloma virus (HPV). The pharmaceutical company Merck developed a vaccine (Gardisil) against these HPV strains. Worldwide clinical trials followed young women after vaccination or administration of placebo for two to four years for signs of HPV-caused cervical cancer. Based on a sample of 100 women in the Gardisil group, 24 % developed cervical cancer, and based on a sample of 100 women in the placebo group, 34 % developed cervical cancer. Test the claim that the proportion of women who developed cervical cancer in the Gardisil group is less than the proportion of women who developed cervical cancer in the placebo group at a = 0.10. Round your answers to three decimal places, and round any interim calculations to four decimal places. Fill in the hypotheses below where p₁ denotes the proportion of women who developed cervical cancer in the Gardisil group and P2 denotes the proportion of women who developed cervical…

In an article dated April 24, 2005, USA Today reported on the 17th annual study on teen drug abuse conducted by the Partnership for a Drug-Free America. According to the survey of 8100 teens was Vicodin, with 19%-or about 8.2 million youths-reporting that they had used it to get high. OxyContin and drugs for attention-deficit disorder, such as Ritalin/Adderall, followed with 1 in 10 teens reporting that they had tried them. Is the statement about 19% of youths abusing Vicodin inferential or descriptive? Is the statement about about 8.2 million youths abusing Vicodin inferential or descriptive?

Recent research findings have shown that older people who practice ballroom dancing are 77% less likely to experience dementia compared to those senior citizens who did not dance. Drawing on this surprising result, Dr. Anders Ericsson thinks that ballroom dancing may also reduce one's level of stress to a greater extent than conventional exercise routines. To validate his claim Dr. Ericsson has randomly selected 100 senior citizens who were then randomly split into two groups, with the first group practicing ballroom dancing 3 times a week and the second group undergoing a conventional exercise regiment 3 times a week also. The measures of stress were assessed for each participant after the study was completed. What is the most appropriate set of hypotheses for this study? HO: μD- 0; H1: μD 0 HO: µD = 0; H1: µD > 0 %3D HO: udance - pexercise = 0; H1: µdance - pexercise <0

You are conducting a hypothetical retrospective study on use of plastics and prevalence of current medical problems in students.  You hypothesize that participants who used more plastic cups in high school will exhibit more medical problems today. You ask all PH1 students to recall how many times they drank out of plastic cups in high school. Your participants struggle to recall this information and end up guessing how often they used plastic drinking containers in high school.  Your study design will be negatively impacted by: (select one)   A. Misrepresentation B. Recall error C. Negative associations D. Recall bias