Why is the cost of retained earnings cheaper than the cost of issuing new common stock? Group of answer choices Issuing new common stock may send a negative signal to the capital markets, which may depress the stock price. When a company issues new common stock they also have to pay flotation costs to the underwriter. Either Neither

If the Modigliani and Miller hypothesis about dividends is correct, and if one found a group of companies which differed only with respect to dividend policy, which of the following statements would be most correct? Group of answer choices None of these statements is true. All of these statements are true. The total expected return, which in equilibrium is also equal to the required return, would be higher for those companies with lower payout ratios because of the greater risk associated with capital gains versus dividends. If the expected total return of each of the sample companies were divided into a dividend yield and a growth rate, and then a scatter diagram (or regression) analysis were undertaken, then the slope of the regression line (or b in the equation D1/P0 = a + b(g)) would be equal to +1.0. The residual dividend model should not be used, because it is inconsistent with the MM dividend hypothesis.

Explain why the following statement is wrong: “The stock price is equal to the value of equity, divided by shares outstanding. Therefore, companies should avoid issuing equity because the number of shares outstanding goes up and thus the stock price would decrease."

Which of the following statements about payout policy is FALSE? a.  Share repurchases concentrate ownership in the hands of the remaining shareholders, making their shares worth more than they were before the repurchase.   b.  Firms should generally pay out no more than their free cash flow to equity, unless they are in the process of paying out a large cash balance.   c.  Dividends typically increase at a slower rate than earnings.   d.  Firms today return more cash to shareholders through repurchases than through dividends.   e.  Dividends are lower for firms that have higher growth rates.

What are the factors that contribute to the temporary drop in a company's share price after a capital-raising plan is announced?

True or False: The following statement accurately describes how firms make decisions related to issuing new common stock. Taking flotation costs into account will reduce the cost of new common stock. False: Flotation costs are additional costs associated with raising new common stock. True: Taking flotation costs into account will reduce the cost of new common stock, because you will multiply the cost of new common stock by 1 minus the flotation cost-similar to how the after-tax cost of debt is calculated Alpha Moose Transporters is considering investing in a one-year project that requires an initial investment of $475,000. To do so, it will have issue new common stock and will incur a flotation cost of 2.00%. At the end of the year, the project is expected to produce a cash inflow of $550,000. The rate of return that Alpha Moose expects to earn on its project (net of its flotation costs) is (rounded to two decimal places) Sunny Day Manufacturing Company has a current stock price of…

If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. There are two approaches to use to account for flotation costs. The first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. Because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected rate of return is reduced so it may not meet the firm's hurdle rate for acceptance of the project. The second approach involves adjusting the cost of common equity as follows: Cost of equity from new stock = r, D1 +8 Po(1-F) The difference between the flotation-adjusted cost of equity and the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment represents the flotation cost adjustment. Quantitative Problem: Barton Industries expects next year's annual dividend, D1, to be $1.90 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4.3%. The firm's current common stock price, Po, is $25.00. If it needs to issue…

Explain why the following statement is wrong (1 paragraph maximum): "The main reason why some companies prefer to return cash to shareholders through stock repurchases, rather than dividends, is because repurchases reduce the number of share outstanding and thus tend to increase the stock price."

The _______________theory hypothesizes that the amount of dividends should not be the focus of the company, but that the company should simply declare a dividend from the earnings not currently needed for earmarked projects. This theory leads to erratic and unpredictable dividends.

Which of the following is not true with regard to the relationship between R&D expenses and the value of the company’s stock shares, as perceived by investors and analysts? Multiple Choice: A.There is no evidence that R&D expenses represent value-relevant information to investors. B. There is a causal relationship between R&D expenditures and future financial benefits. C. A $1 increase in R&D expenditures leads to a $5 increase in the market value of the company’s stock shares. D. Analysts adjust estimates of unrecorded R&D assets which are then used to adjust reported earnings and book values.