Why does TPP Thiamine pyrophospate, act as an electron sink? What is it abut its structure that makes it possible?
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Why does TPP Thiamine pyrophospate, act as an electron sink? What is it abut its structure that makes it possible?
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- His388 Glu357 His388 Glu357 Ring opening Proton HO HO abstraction HO но- G6P He NH- NH His388 His388 His388 Glu357 Glu357 Glu357 HO но HO но- но OH cis-enediol F6P Ring closure intermediate OH Describe the mechanism shown above for phosphoglucose isomerase. Describe the chemistry of each step • How the enzyme appears or might facilitate the chemistry How the enzyme increases the reaction rate.In the hexokinase reaction (in glycolysis) Keq caclualtion, what is the OBVIOUS problem with getting a Keq of 678? what should keq be normally? how can you EXPLAIN a Keq of 678?Which of the following statement is CORRECT? O Hydrolysis of starch into glucose in an elimination reaction Group transfer reaction is a nucleophilic substitution reaction Conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate is a group transfer reaction Most biochemical reaction occurs via homolytic cleavage Electrophiles are electron-rich, while nucleophiles are electron-deficient
- Pyridoxal phosphate acts as an electron sink, stabilizing carbanionic intermediates. What other prosthetic group has the ability to catalyze processes in this manner?In what major way do quinones differ from other electroncarriers in the membrane?The reaction catalyzed by phosphorylase is readily reversible in vitro. At pH 6.8, the equilibrium ratio of orthophosphate to glucose 1-phosphate is 3.6. The value of ΔG°’ for this reaction is small because a glycosidic bond is replaced by a phosphoryl ester bond that has a nearly equal transfer potential. However, phosphorolysis proceeds far in the direction of glycogen breakdown in vivo. Suggest one means by which the reaction can be made irreversible in vivo.
- Explain why the coupled reaction ATP → ADP + Pi in the P-class ion pump mechanism does not involve direct hydrolysis of the phosphoanhydride bond.(i) During the Pyruvate Decarboxylase (PDC) catalysed reaction, a covalent coenzyme intermediate is formed. On the skeleton of the covalent coenzyme intermediate below draw the appropriate double bonds, charges, and electron pairs to illustrate the two resonance forms of this intermediate. Name each form in the boxes provided. HO S R' N -R HO S R' N -RPyridoxal phosphate stabilizes carbanionic intermediates by serving as an electron sink. Which other prosthetic group catalyzes reactions in this way?
- To carefully prepared mitochondria were added succinate, oxidizedcytochrome c, ADP, orthophosphate, and sodium cyanide. Referring toFigure 14.16, answer the following.(a) List the sequence of electron carriers in this system.(b) Write a balanced equation for the overall reaction occurring in thissystem, showing oxidation of the initial electron donor, reduction of thefinal acceptor, and synthesis of ATP.(c) Calculate ΔG°' for the overall reaction. ΔG°' for ATP hydrolysis is-32.2 kJ/mol.(d) Why was cyanide added in this experiment?(e) What would the P/O ratio be if the same experiment were run with addition to the mitochondria of 2,4-dinitrophenol?Suppose ribulose-5-phosphate, labeled with "C in carbon 1, is used as the substrate in dark reactions. In which carbon of 3PG will the label appear?Suppose ribulose-5-phosphate, labeled with 14C in carbon 1, is used as the substrate in dark reactions. In which carbon of 3PG will the label аppear?