In electron transfer, only the quinone portion of the ubiquinone undergoes oxidation-reduction; the isoprenoid side chain remains unchanged. What is the function of this chain?

Describe how a) Mean Arterial Pressure, b) Maximal Oxygen Consumption, and c) Blood Flow are determined using its formula. In addition, you should explain what those factors are including cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, resistance, a-vO2 difference, etc. Describe how many ATPs can be generated by complete cycles of beta oxidation of free fatty acid with 20 carbons. You should indicate how many cycles of beta oxidation and Krebs cycle, and total number of products as well

Interestingly, the most common treatment for methanol poisoning is to use ethanol as an antidote. Why would adding large amounts of ethanol help slow down the rate of formic acid production by aldehyde dehydrogenase?

The reversible reaction shown here is part of the Calvin cycle, a pathway in photosynthetic organisms. Which glycolytic reaction does this reaction resemble and what type of enzyme catalyzes it?

Which of the selected phosphate group hydrolysis reactions listed in the table below can NOT be productively coupled to the synthesis of glucose-1-phosphate? Free energy of hydrolysis for certain phosphate bonds Compound kcal/ mol-1 Phosphoenolpyruvate -14.8 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate -11.8 Creatine phosphate -10.3 ATP (to ADP) -7.3 Glucose 1-phosphate -5 Pyrophosphate -4.6 Glucose 6-phosphate -3.3 Glycerol 3-phosphate -2.2 ATP hydrolysis. Glucose-6-phosphate hydrolysis.

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is used to produce ATP. Which of the two phosphates of 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate is transferred to ADP to make ATP. Explain why it is this specific phosphate and not the other one.

In what major way do quinones differ from other electroncarriers in the membrane?

Electrons are continuously transferred from higher-energy carriers to lower-energy carriers in the electron transport chain, yet somehow iron is utilized as an electron carrier multiple times. Choose the most likely reason why this is possible. The pH of complex II is slightly higher than the pH of complex III. The reduction potential of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) in complex I is higher than the reduction potential of iron. The redox potential of iron ions can be manipulated by their environment. For instance, the iron in an iron-sulfur cluster will have a different redox potential than the iron in a heme group. The electrons carried by NADH are higher energy than the electrons carried by FADH2.

match the coenzyme on the left with the reaction in which they participate on the right

C Phosphoglycerate enolase coo O H-C-O-P=O CH₂OH 2-Phosphoglycerate This is a (an) d Tyrosine hydroxylase HO coo NH3 L-Tyrosine This is a (an) 0₂ coo C-O-P-C || CH₂ Phosphoenolpyruvate H₂O + HO HO L-DOPA H₂O coo NH3