Q: What is the principal reason that organisms such as yeastproduce alcohol?
A: Yeast is considered as the facultative anaerobes, which is used in many industries such as bread…
Q: Why does an facaltive anaerobic bacterium usually grow better with oxygen than without?
A: A facultative anaerobe is one which is able to survive in both aerobic (oxygen) as well as anaerobic…
Q: Do bacteria that exhibit an anaerobic life style require catalase?
A: An anaerobic organism is an organism that does not require oxygen for growth. The anaerobic…
Q: Why are endospore forming bacteria commonly found in soil?
A: A bacteria is a cell which is susceptible to a variety of environmental stress. Any environmental…
Q: List the different type of bacteria depending on the salt concentration required for their growth?…
A: Halophiles are found in three domains -Inside the Bacteria halophiles depend on salt concentration…
Q: Why does motility media contain a lower amount of agar than ordinary agar?
A: Agar is a phyco-colloid polymer of galactose monomers obtained from red algae (Gelidium and…
Q: With respect to sulfate-reducing bacteria and acetateas substrate, which genera contain “incomplete…
A: Sulfate-reducing bacteria are the bacteria that exhibit sulfate dependent anaerobic respiration.…
Q: Your instructor asks you to explain why the Streptococcus speciesthat are catalase negative are…
A: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that have an undefined nucleus and nuclear membrane. Most of the…
Q: You have discovered a new microorganism that oxidizes ammonia. How will you determine if this…
A: Thaumarchaeote is a prokaryote which belongs to Archaebacteria. The archaebacteria and bacteria…
Q: What role does iron play in the redox metabolism of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans?
A: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a type of gram-negative, autotrophic, and rod-shaped bacteria. It…
Q: . Relatively little is known about many obligate anaerobes. Why would this be so?
A: Obligate anaerobes are the organisms which only grow in the absence of the oxygen.
Q: an optional anaerobic bacterium usually grow better with oxygen than without
A: Oxygen is important for many living organisms to survive and those organisms whose survival depends…
Q: Why mightproteorhodopsin make a bacterium such as Pelagibacter morecompetitive in its habitat?
A: Proteorhodopsin(pRhodopsin) is a family of transmembrane proteins which is the most abundant retinal…
Q: Why would it be impossible for gram-positive bacteria to storesulfur as gram-negative…
A: Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram…
Q: How to produce high yield of biomass of facultative anaerobic bacterium in laboratories?
A: Facultative anaerobic organism It refers to the organism that generates ATP through the process of…
Q: Salmonella typhi is a facultative anaerobe. Explain why.
A: Salmonella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that are rod-shaped (bacillus) and belong to the…
Q: how do bacteria detoxify toxic oxygen from metabolites
A: OXYGEN TOXICITY:- The oxygen molecule that is single and excited is very reactive in its nature. So,…
Q: What is a major habitat for many species of Acidobacteria?
A: Acidobacteria Acidobacteria is a species of bacteria. Members of this species vastly differ…
Q: Which microorganism does not contain superoxide dismutase enzymes?
A: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme found altogether in living cells. An enzyme could be a…
Q: What is the mechanism by which enterococci are able to grow in high salt conditions?
A: The Enterococci are facultative anaerobes, gram-positive coccus that appears to be in short chains…
Q: Can you thoroughly explain the effect of Benzoate at different pH levels on the growth of…
A: Bacteria are defined as the single celled organisms, that can further categorized into two types:…
Q: what is the cause of different species of psychrotrophic bacteria growing in the CTSA medium at 7…
A: They can grow at extreme low temperatures and lead to spoilage of food by modifying the compounds…
Q: hy is nutrient broth considered as a universal growth medium for bacteria?
A: Nutrient Broth is a general-purpose medium for growing a wide range of fastidious and non-fastidious…
Q: What enzyme is required for hydrogen bacteria to grow asH2 chemolithotrophs?
A: Lithotroph: These are the different groups of organisms that use the inorganic substance for energy…
Q: Why do you think autoclave sterilization of media is preferred over open flame?
A: An autoclave is used to sterilize surgical equipment, laboratory instruments, media and other…
Q: Can you thoroughly explain the effect of pH on the growth of Bifidobacterium, an anaerobic, gram…
A: This bacteria is one of the inhabitants of the human colon. It is an anaerobic, gram-positive,…
Q: What other bacterial genus is acid-fast?
A: Acid fast bacteria are gram positive bacteria . They are unique among prokaryotes and normal gram…
Q: why are psychrotrophic bacteria incubated at 7 degrees
A: Each species of microbe has a preferred temperature that lies somewhere between its characteristic…
Q: In what ways is Chloracidobacterium thermophilumsimilar to green sulfur bacteria, and in what ways…
A: Bacteria are member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms. Bacteria have cell walls but…
Q: Why is reverse electron flow unnecessary in H2 bacteria thatcontain two hydrogenases?
A: Bacteria are a group of prokaryotic microscopic single celled organisms. They live in diverse…
Q: Why did we inoculate the KIA slant by stabbing it with an inoculating needle rather than spread the…
A: Inoculating needles are used to inoculate microorganism like - Bacteria from one solid culture media…
Q: Which of the following groups of bacteria require or will use oxygen for respiration i. obligate…
A: Bacteria are defined as unicellular prokaryotes. They can survive or live in extreme environmental…
Q: If the temperature of the incubator were to be increased from 35 to 45°C, how would this affect the…
A: The microbiology studies about both the diseases causing microbes and beneficiary microbes, about…
Q: What are the physiological traits that can differentiatesulfur-reducing bacteria from…
A: The physiological traits are those characteristics of the bacterial species that are attributed to…
Q: What are the steps in nitrate reduction as carried outby Pseudomonas species? What is this metabolic…
A: Pseudomonas is the genus of bacteria that belongs to the Pseudomonadaceae family. It is a…
Q: How are lactic acid bacteria different from otheranaerobes and why are they usually restricted…
A: To explain How lactic acid bacteria are different from other anaerobes and why they are usually…
Q: Under what conditions do endospores typically form?
A: Bacteria are prokaryotes. To continue their species bacteria reproduce. They reproduce both…
Q: Of what benefit is the organism Oxalobacter to human health?
A: Bacteria are microscopic single-celled prokaryotes that thrive in diverse environmental conditions.…
Q: Why does hydrogen peroxide are most effective against probiotics?
A: Hydrogen peroxide is a peroxide. It acts as an oxidizing agent
Q: What is the difference between assimilatory nitrate reduction and denitrification? Which reaction is…
A: Nitrogen gas is present in the inert form in the atmosphere.
Q: why is Brocardia anammoxidan a Gram-negative bacteria? what does gram negative bacteria mean?
A: Answer. Bacteria are microscopic, relatively simple, prokaryotic organisms whose cell lacks a…
Q: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen and can cause serious illness in humans by…
A: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacteria…
Q: Why does Bacillus subtilis break down phenol better even at high concentrations than E. coli and…
A: Phenol is distributed either as natural or artificial mono-aromatic compounds in various…
Q: Why is most decomposition typically anaerobic in the deep waters of lakes and oceans?
A: Decomposers are mainly bacteria and fungi are part of the food web. They break down dead organic…
Q: What conditions are necessary to destroy endospores? In what device are these conditions achieved?
A: Endospores are dormant vegetative cells that have a thick outer covering making them resistant to…
Q: What is the morphology and optimum growing conditions of Thermophilic Molds?
A: These are multicellular filamentous fungi.They have thallus which lack true root ,leaves and stem.…
Q: What is the function of nitrifying bacteria?
A: Bacteria are a group of prokaryotic microscopic single celled organisms. They live in diverse…
Microbial Physiology
Microbial physiology is the branch of microbiology that is associated with studying the physiology of fungi, bacteria, and viruses. It is an important field of science concerning functional genomics and metabolic engineering.
Chemotaxis
The organism’s movement in a particular direction as a response to certain chemicals that are available in the environment is defined as chemotaxis. In brief, it can be defined as the occurrence of an organism’s movement in response to a certain chemical stimulus.
Why do most iron-oxidizing bacteria grow at an
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- Flasks A and B contain broth, and are inoculated with an identical number of bacteria that are facultative anaerobes. Flask A contains a triglyceride lipid as the sole nutrient source, and Flask B contains a monosaccharide called fructose as the sole nutrient source. Both flasks are incubated at 30°C with aeration (oxygen is added to the broth). Assume the bacteria are capable of catabolism of both fructose and triglycerides. Mark all the correct statements pertaining to these cultures. A. Under anaerobic conditions, cells in flask A will produce more ATP B. Cells from flask B will produce more carbon dioxide C. Cells from flask B will produce more ATP D. Flask A will have the greater cell mass E. Cells from flask A will produce more ATP F. Cells from flask A will produce more carbon dioxide G. Flask B will have the greater cell mass H. Under anaerobic conditions, cells in flask B will produce more ATPHow might the bacterial growth curve change if a facultative anaerobe was first monitored for growth when grown in the presence of an O2 environment and, during its log (exponential) growth phase, the organism was suddenly placed in an anaerobic environment?1.). a.) What particular pathways or enzymes appear distinct for sulfate reducing bacteria in order to harness energy (create ATP)? b.) What interesting structures or unique characteristics allowed sulfate reducing bacteria to solve physical and/or chemical challenges/problems in conserving energy?
- What characteristics of azotobacter species protect their nitrogenase enzyme from inactivation by oxygen?Why do acid-fast positive bacteria grow more slowly?Clostridium tetani is a common soil bacterium and causes tetanus. Would you expect tetani to possess the enzyme catalase? Explain. Research on the growth requirements of this bacterium is required.
- Why does an facaltive anaerobic bacterium usually grow better with oxygen than without?A chemolithoautotroph is respiring using only iron (Fe3+) and nitrite (NO2-). This bacterium does not consume organic molecules. What is the electron donor for this system?Clostridium tetani is a common soil bacterium and causes tetanus. Would you expect C. tetani to possess the enzyme catalase? Explain.
- Brocadia anammoxidans is required to rid of ammonia from sewer water in the treatment method, one of its main biotechnological uses. Hence, these are related to some denitrifying bacteria. What are other denitrifying bacteria that are related to this?1(a)What is a psychrotroph? (b)From what natural sources would you isolate a thermophile? A psychrophile? (C)How does temperature affect the growth of a microorganism? (D)State the temperature class for Escherichia coli, Bacillus sp, Aeromonas sp, Micrococcus luteus, and suggest their optimum growth temperature. 2 (a)Why is dilution important when determining microbe number? (B)How does a decrease in dye colour intensity affect the microbe ? (C)State the possible sources of error if plate counts and colour intensity of dilutions are incorrect or Precautions taken to prevent this from happening. ( this is not a graded assignment)Bacteria in the genus Clostridium are known for living within the deepest areas within puncture wounds, causing diseases like tetanus and gas gangrene. Based on the description provided, what category of oxygen requirement would be appropriate for the genus Clostridium?