Which type of mutation where a chromosome is found to be shorter that it’s homologous match?

In many organisms, including humans, chromosomes occur in homologous pairs; where does each member of the pair originate?

A scientist investigating the genome of two related individuals observes a difference of a few nucleotides in one individual compared to the other. The nucleotide differences are in a region of noncoding DNA on chromosome 1. Would these differences be considered a mutation? Why or why not? Yes, the difference in nucleotide sequences between the individuals is a mutation because it will affect the phenotype of the two individuals. Yes, any heritable variation in the nucleotide sequence is considered a mutation, even if that variation is in a noncoding region of DNA. Not enough information was provided to determine if this nucleotide difference is a mutation because the effect on phenotype is unknown. No, the change in nucleotide sequence doesn't appear in a coding region of the DNA and so can't be a mutation.

The following gene arrangements in a particular chromosome are found in different geographic regions.  The changes in sequence were due to sequential inversions.  ABCDEF DECAFB DEFACB AFEDCB Assuming that the arrangement in “a” is the original arrangement, in what sequence did the various inversion types arise?

explain the process of homology-dependent repair?

What are the  chromosome 5 mutations?