Which type of mechanism best repairs thymidine dimers caused by exposure to UV light? a. Nucleotide excision repair b. Base excision repair c. Mismatch repair d. NHEJ

How does an embryonic stem cell differ from an adult stem cell? A. Embryonic stem cells are able to differentiate into many different types of cell. B. Adult stem cells are able to differentiate into other fully developed cells. C. Embryonic stem cells do not require nuclear transfer for cloning. D. Embryonic stem cells are more likely to uptake the plasmids required for iPSCs.

You are studying bacterial cells and you find bacteria with a mutation that causes it to produce non-functional ligase. If you allowed that cell to replicate once and then you isolated the DNA from the two newly formed cells what would you expect to find? A. One longer single strand of DNA and many short single strands of DNA B. Two longer single strands of DNA and many short single strands of DNA C. Four longer single strands of DNA and many short single strands of DNA D. Eight longer single strands of DNA and many short single strands of DNA Choose the correct answer above and explain why you chose that answer. Your explanation should discuss the replication of DNA in bacteria and the role of ligase in DNA replication.

How can reverse transcriptase inhibitors slow the replication of DNA? Give an example that lay persons without this knowledge could understand, and why they need to know it.