Which series of colonization events is an example of primary succession? a. Lava field à fungi/lichen à grass b. Fallow field à weeds à shrubs à trees c. Forest consisting of mostly tall trees d. Both a. and b.

Why are species that live at the tops of mountains at increased risk of extinction due to climate change?   a. The colder temperatures at the tops of mountains gradually increase, and the species at the tops of the mountains are displaced by species at lower elevations moving up.    b. The species at the tops of the mountains are adapted to moving up and down the mountains and species at lower elevations are displacing them as they move down the mountains.    c. The species at the tops of the mountains are adapted to lower oxygen and climate change increases oxygen content in the air.    d. Species at the tops of mountains do not have the genetic diversity for adaptation that lower-elevational species do. Therefore species at the tops of the mountains are more likely to go extinct.

What does it mean that excavation is a destructive process?    A. As a site is excavated, it is destroyed and artifacts can never be put back exactly as they were found.   B. None of these   C. Excavations are never destructive.   D. As a site is excavated, it is destroyed, but artifacts can be put back exactly as they were found.

Biology Question

Biology questions about islands and the biota on them. How and why could groups of species on islands could be described as lacking harmony? How and why, would you consider that islands ecosystems lack resilience when compared to mainland ecosystems by having low functional redundancy?

Why do you suppose plants and forests appeared in large numbers before large animals did? Several of the choices may be correct. Select the options you expect to be the strongest contributing factors.A. Animals need food, and there was none on land before plants. B. Plants were driven to land by scarce resources in the oceans, such as light and minerals. C. It was too cold for animals at first. D. Animals are more susceptible to radiation and needed more ozone in order to survive out of the water. E. The order was pure chance and could have gone either way. F. There was not enough oxygen for lungs to be effective before plants colonized land. G. The increased oxygen levels produced by land plants accelerated animal evolution. H. Plants had to change less to survive on land.

It is that change is the of the und threat from the of trees as a of change? A Desert B Tropical Rainforest Tundra C. Taiga Grassland E. In which biome would you expect to see plants adapted to fire? Choose at least one correct answer Temperate forest A. Tundra Tropical rainforest C. Grassland Desert E. In which biome would you expect to see darkly pigmented leaves and low plant growth forms Choose at least one correct answer A Taiga Tundra B. C. c) Tropical Rainforest Grassland D. Desert E.

Lower birth rates and declining family size in recent years reflect what phenomenon? A. Carrying capacity B. Secondary succession C. Exponential growth  D. Demographic transition

The accoumulation of higher levels of mercury in large predatory fish is a result of? A. Genetic modification B. Biomagnification C. Food addtivies D. Irradiation

What would the seasons be like if the axis of rotation of earth was tilted at an angle of 10 degrees instead toward or away from the sun? a. no change b. less exaggerated seasons c. more exaggerated seasons d. there would be no change in the average temperature between the poles and the equator.