Which of the following tissues normally has the highest percentage of mucus-secreting cells? A. Esophageal mucosa B. Oral mucosa C. Parotid gland D. Sublingual gland E. Submandibular gland
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- Submucosal glands occur in the submucosa of the: Select one: a. esophagus. O b. stomach. C. ileum. d. jejunum. The macula densa consists Select one: a closelyWhat is the line A pointing to? Submucosa b. MALT. c. Mucosa. d. Lumen. e. Muscularis.Which of these organs is retroperitoneal?a. stomachb. transverse colonc. descending colond. ileum
- The tiny prominence that is at the mid-line of the superior part of the mucous membrane is known as the A. Angulaus oris eminence B. Angulus oris sulcu C. Medial lobe D. Mental eminenceThe lips are muscular folds forming the anterior boundary of the oral cavity. A mucous membrane covers the lips internally and the skin of the face covers them externally. The vermillion border, which is the red part of the lips, is covered by keratinized epithelium that is the transition between the epithelium of the mucous membrane and the facial skin. The vermillion border can become chapped (dry and cracked), whereas the mucous membrane and the facial skin do not. Propose as many reasons as you can to explain why the vermillion border is more prone to drying than the mucous membrane or facial skin.The chemical analysis of a saliva of the patient has revealed decrease of concentration of potassium and bicarbonate ions, on the contrary sodium and chlorine concentration there were much above norms. The function of which departments of salivary glands is broken? Mucous secretory acini Intercalated ducts O Interlobular ducts Serous secretory acini Striated ducts
- Which of the following enzymes acts in thestomach?a. chymotrypsinb. lingual lipasec. carboxypeptidased. enteropeptidasee. dextrinaseSympathetic innervation of the GI tract is responsible fora. closing the pyloric sphincter.b. stimulating peristalsis.c. stimulating secretion of the pancreatic acinar cells.d. vasodilating the major digestive system blood vessels.Which of the following enzymes does notdigest any nutrients?a. chymotrypsinb. lingual lipasec. carboxypeptidased. enteropeptidasee. dextrinase
- Which of these stomach cell types is not correctly matched with itsfunction?a. surface mucous cells—produce mucusb. parietal cells—produce hydrochloric acidc. chief cells—produce intrinsic factord. endocrine cells—produce regulatory hormonesThe gallbladdera. produces bile.b. stores bile.c. contracts and releases bile in response to secretin.d. contracts and releases bile in response to sympathetic stimulation.e. Both b and c are correct.Pharmaceuticals called NSAIDs include examples such as aspirin and ibuprofen. One mechanism of action of these drugs is to block the production of chemicals that promote mucus production. One possible side effect of overuse of NSAIDs is gastric irritability and even peptic ulcers. Explain why these might be side effects.