Which of the following statement(s) about passive processes of membrane transport is false? a. cellular energy is not required b. substances move along its concentration gradient c. all require the aid of proteins during transport d. all of the above e. none of the above

1. Examine each one and discuss it's function in a cell membrane. Determine if you think each one is involved in passive or active transport, and if it is active determine the most likely source of energy. Protein Name Active or passive? Energy source? K+ high K+ low Potassium Channel ATP H+ high H+ low Proton Pump Na+ high Na+ low ATP K+ low K+ high Na+ - K+ Pump Proline Low Na+ high Proline high Na+ - Proline Cotransporter Na+ Low H+ high H+ low Sucrose low Sucrose high H+ - Sucrose Cotransporter

The diffusion stops when a substance concentration is high inside a ell: a- This can be found in facilitated diffusion, & called V max. b- This statement is wrong. c- This belongs to a Primary active transport, it is called V max. d- This is related to the simple diffusion.

Calcium ions (Ca?+) are a typical cell at rest. a. more concentrated in the cytosol of b. equally distributed across the membrane of c. more concentrated in the extracellular fluid of