Which of the following is FALSE regarding sickle cell anemia? O it is an advantage to be a heterozygote for sickle cell anemia in areas where malaria is prevalent O heterozygotes for sickle cell anemia can still have aggregation/polymerization of hemoglobin under conditions of low oxygen O individuals that are sickle cell anemia homozygotes are disadvantaged because they are more susceptible to malaria O the advantage to being a heterozygote for sickle cell anemia disappears when malaria is not an issue

Using Hill’s criteria of causality show that smoking causes lung cancer. Mentioning all of the nine criteria.

Identify the human form of hemoglobin that is produced only by the embryo. two a-globin chains (alpha) and two b-globin chains (beta) two b-globin chains (beta) and two g-globin chains (gamma) two g-globin chains (gamma) and two d-globin chains (delta) two d-globin chains (delta) and two e-globin chains (epsilon) two e-globin chains (epsilon) and two z-globin chains (zeta)

Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle cell anemia is the result of a type of mutation in the gene that codes for part of the hemoglobin molecule. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in your red bloods cells. The mutation causes these red blood cells to become stiff & sickle-shaped when they release their oxygen. The sickled cells tend to get stuck in blood vessels, causing pain and increased risk of stroke, blindness, damage to the heart & lungs, and other conditions. -- Analyze the DNA strands below to determine what amino acid is changed AND what type of mutation occurred Normal hemoglobin DNA CACGTAGACTGAGGACTC.. Normal hemoglobin MRNA Normal hemoglobin AA sequence

Why is the decreased affinity of fetal hemoglobin for BPG advantageous? With fewer BPG molecules bound to heme, there are more heme residues available for O2 binding. O A. B. Decreased BPG binding biases the fetal hemoglobin toward the R state. C. More free BPG is available to bind to adult hemoglobin, resulting in a shift to the R state. BPG is more available to bind to fetal myoglobin. helping to release O2 in fetal muscle tissue. D. 47

Double-loop circulatory systems are found in adult amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, In which characteristic do these systems differ from one another,