Based on your understanding of genetic code,explain the formation of any abnormal hemoglobin molecule?

Q: 12. halves the number of chromosomes normally present in body cells. A) Mitosis B) Genomic…

A: Mitosis - It is also known as equational division. Number of chromosomes remain same. Meiosis - It…

Q: Define about the Mutation and sickle cell disease ?

A: The genome consists of 1 to many long molecules of DNA, and mutation will occur probably anyplace on…

Q: Sickle cell anemia patients suffer from a distorted red blood cell shape and an anemic condition as…

A: d. In sickle cell anemia patients, 100% of the hemoglobin assembled contains the mutant β globin,…

Q: Draw the SMN2 pre-mRNA (SMN2 has 10 exons and 9 introns), indicate the 5’ and 3’ SS location. [2pts]

A: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which results from the deficiency of articulation of the endurance of…

Q: The gamma and beta subunits that make up fetal and adult hemoglobin, respectively, differ in a…

A: BPG is 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate, which produced in the respiring tissue as a byproduct of glucose…

Q: A 30 - year - old woman was undergoing therapy for b-thalassemia,a recessive trait caused by absence…

A: Bone marrow or HSC (hematopoietic stem cells) transplantation is a procedure during which healthy…

Q: Define histones.

A: The eukaryotic cell contains DNA inside its nucleus. The long DNA is compacted into such a small…

Q: The H gene encodes an enzyme that modifies the base carbohydrate to which the A and B antigens…

A: The antigens are present on the red blood cells. The presence of antigen on the red blood cell…

Q: Assume the following for a cell: Vm = +60 mV [Na+]out 100 mM [Na+]in = 1 mM [K+]out = 1 mM [K+]in =…

A: Due to the separation of charges across a membrane in a cell, the membrane acquires a potential.…

Q: describe white gene

A: A gene is a sequence of nucleotides found in DNA or RNA that encodes the synthesis of a gene product…

Q: What is HFR in genetics?

A: The bacterial cells carrying the F plasmid are called F+ and those lacking the F plasmid are called…

Q: How could premature separation of centromeres cause the problems seen in RBS?

A: Robert syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by limb malformation and…

Q: What is the molecular defect associated with sickle-cell anemia?

A: Sickle-cell anemia is the disease associated with the defect in the normal hemoglobin molecule…

Q: Describe gene regulation by CpG islands.

A: Gene regulation can be defined as a mechanism that functions to stimulate or repress gene…

Q: Explain the general structure of LTR retrotransposons.

A: Transposon is a small piece of DNA that can move from one genomic location to another within the…

Q: When parents with sickle cell anemia plan to have kids, they would consult a genetic counselor for…

A: Genetic counseling uses

Q: Hemoglobin is a complex protein that contains four polypeptide chains. The normal hemoglobin found…

A: On the basis of the given information, it can easily be concluded that the medical condition of…

Q: What other possible organizations of the globin gene could exist if there were no need for a globin…

A: Chaperones are necessary for the formation of different structures or organizations of the genes as…

Q: here is a benign congenital condition called Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin (HPFH) in…

A: Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin is the condition when there is still fetal hemoglobin…

Q: How does gene expression change over time for the polypeptide components of hemoglobin?

A: There is a change in the polypeptide chains of the hemoglobin from the fetus till birth.

Q: The malformed hemoglobin protein is an example of the relationship between genes and traits at the:…

A: Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder arising from a specific variant within the HBB gene,…

Q: Define riboswitches?

A: The gene is a basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA.The gene is a…

Q: Define amplified

A: Amplified is a term used to expand something.

Q: What is RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) ?

A: RBPs expands for RNA-binding proteins. These are the proteins that have the tendency to bind to…

Q: Which kind of macromolecule is regarded as a good candidate for the original self-replicator (or…

A: A molecule which can act as a genetic material should have four properties : it must be stable, must…

Q: Define common variants

A: A common variant is a part of a hypothesis "Common diseases-common variant" that accounts for the…

Q: About the three following diseases: phenylketonuria (PKU), sever combined immuno-deficiency (SCID),…

A: A disease is a condition of an abnormal structure or function of any part or organ of the body. It…

Q: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a disorder caused by a random change in the gene that produces the cystic…

A: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system. It is caused by a…

Q: The study of the b-globin gene helped establish the one gene-one polypeptide relationship. Which of…

A: Mutation is a random process. It leads to change the nucleotide in a sequence of a gene.

Q: Why is folding in the ER slow and inefficient and how are the misfolded ones degraded?

A: Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) is the QC check point of the ER which helps to…

Q: "Studies of Human Hemoglobin Established That One Gene EncodesOne Polypeptide" Define this ?

A: The theory that every gene is accountable for the synthesis of one polypeptide.

Q: Why is the latent period so named?

A: Infectious disease is those which passed person to person by insects, secretions like cough, and…

Q: Hemophilia , Beta Thalassemia , and Sickle Cell Disease what do all of these disorders have in…

A: A mutation is a change in the sequence of the DNA. Mutations can result from the following: DNA…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.