Which of the following is a true statement? A. The concentration of oxygen in water is greater than that in air. B. In animals with gills, ventilation helps to reduce the thickness of the boundary layer. C. Countercurrent flow at the gas-exchange surface results in the diffusion gradient across surface. D. Mammalian lungs requires the diaphragm because the lungs are relatively stiff and filled with parabronchi.

In insects, O₂ moves from the gas exchange surface to the cells primarily by: A. Diffusion B. Active transport C. Convection D. Conduction E. None of the above

Perch, Frog and Pig. 1.  Why do these organisms require a specialized organ to increase surface area for gas exchange?  Discuss organismal volume relative to surface area in your answer. 2.  Why are these respiratory structures associated with a large blood supply?

Can you answer all the parts to this question regarding fish (please type the answer)   Mammals have dead end sacs called “alveoli” and don’t have the super efficient countercurrent exchange system seen in fish. Why do you think countercurrent exchange is necessary for fish? (hint: think about the difference between where most mammals and fish live).

Which of the following statements regarding hemoglobin (Hb) saturation are true? a. On top of Everest Hb is less than 20% saturated b.   A leftward shift of the Hb-O2 dissociation curve causes more O2 to be off-loaded from Hb at any given PO2   c. Athletes competing at sea level should breathe 100% O2 to increase Hb saturation d. More than one of the above are correct

Which one of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system? O A. Speech and sound generation O B. Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood O C. Protection against inhaled microorganisms O D. Filters inhaled particulate matter E. Changes blood pH by changing oxygen levels

Which of the following is NOT a way that carbon dioxide exits the body? *     A. carbon dioxide travels down the concentration gradient and is able to diffuse from the tissues directly out of the body through its pores.   B. carbon dioxide dissolves directly into the blood plasma to be carried to the lungs where it will be exhaled.   C. Carbon dioxide binds with hemoglobin as red blood cell pass through tissues and is released as the blood cells reached the lungs.   D. carbon dioxide converts into bicarbonate ions in the blood as it diffuses from the tissues and converts back to carbon dioxide as it reaches the lungs to be exhaled   PLS ANSWWER ASP THANK YOUU SO MUCH

Describe structural and functional differences between gills and lungs (ie. know the anatomy of lungs and gills). Why are birds’ lungs more efficient at removing O2 from the air compared with mammalian lungs?

Carbon dioxide is mostly transported in the blooda. dissolved in plasma.b. bound to blood proteins.c. within HCO3−.d. bound to the heme portion of hemoglobin.e. bound to the globin portion of hemoglobin.