Which of the following is a cost of living in groups?   a. Increased risk of disease transmission   b. Reduced competition   c. Decreased ability to detect predators   d. Decreased visibility to predators

During mating season, males of certain species will perform displays of aggression toward other males when approached while they are courting a female. This type of behavior is an example of     altruistic behavior     agonistic behavior     fixed action pattern     polygamous behavior     predatory behavior   The capacity to make changes in behavior on the basis of experience is known as     a fixed action.     learning.     habituation.     conditioning.   Which of the following statements is not true concerning the optimal foraging theory?      forager tries to maximize the energy gained     forager tries to minimize the energy expended     forager secures essential nutrients     forager tries to minimize the risk of getting eaten while gathering food     forager contributes to the growth of its population by gathering food

28. According to Skinner's experiments, what was not a positive reinforcer to animals? A. water B. food C. escape panel D. food repellent

The main difficulties encountered when anesthetizing rodents and putting their lives at risk are: There may be more than one answer. c.Inexperience in performing the physical examination of this species. d.Difficulties in providing supportive care. a.Little familiarity with the rodent species. b. Lack of knowledge of the use of medical and/or surgical equipment.