Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Which of the following describes a stretch reflex?
A. The receptor detects that a muscle is stretched, and sends a signal to contract it reflexively.
B. The receptor detects that a muscle is contracted, and sends a signal to stretch it reflexively.
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- Increased frequency of stimulation resulting in increased tension in a motor unit is A. recruitment B. spatial summation C. multiple motor unit summation D. temporal summationarrow_forwardWhich statement CORRECTLY describes a motor unit? O a. A single muscle fibre plus all the motor neurons that innervate it. O b. All the motor neurons supplying a single muscle O c. A pair of antagonistic muscles O d. A single motor neuron plus all the muscle fibres it innervatesarrow_forwardDo you think the patellar reflex would be inhibited or enhanced by actively contracting the quadriceps muscle group? With an understanding of how muscle spindle fibers work, explain how active contraction of a muscle might affect the myotactic reflex. [hint: try to elicit a knee jerk reflex when someone is doing a leg lift]arrow_forward
- The reflex arc is the fastest way the body has to move a body part from danger or away from the source of pain. Have you ever noticed your own reflex response? Did you notice that you felt the pain after you yanked your hand away from the source of pain? Which is the sequence of structures involved in a reflex response? a. motor neurons → effectors → brain → sensory neurons → interneurons b. effectors → sensory neurons → brain → motor neurons c. sensory neurons → interneurons → motor neurons → effectors d. sensory neurons → motor neurons → interneurons → effectorsarrow_forwardElectric signals can be used to Write the letters of all that apply in the box below. Use all capital letters, with no punctuation. For example, if A and B are correct, write "AB". If only A is correct, write "A". A) strengthen the muscle. B) activate the muscle after injury. C) block pain. D) contract muscles.arrow_forwardWhat signal does the lIA afferent send? It signals the alpha motor neuron to contract the extrafusal muscle fibers O It signals the gamma motor neuron to cause contraction of the intrafusal muscle fibers O It signals to the muscle spindle to stop firing It signals to the alpha motor neurons to stop firing so the muscle can relaxarrow_forward
- Muscle fatigue has been suggested as one factor that can increase the chances of non-contact sports injuries, such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. Notably, some researchers have noted a delay in the reflex response after muscle fatigue. With your understanding of the stretch reflex, which of the following is the most logical contributing factor to the injury? a. the distraction of the game causes inhibitory impulses to be sent down from the somatosensory cortex, so muscles are not operating at full capacity b. the proprioceptors adapt and become less sensitive c. there is an increase in time to muscle contraction after triggering a reflexarrow_forwardHow does the brain initiate a muscle contraction? Please order the steps that occur at the neuromuscular junction. Arrange responses in the correct order to answer the question.arrow_forward
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