Which of the following are types of information bias occurring in analytic study designs? O A. Recall bias OB. Observation bias OC. Confounding OD. Two of the above O all of the above

The following table is from a publication. The individuals in the following table have an eye irritation, a nose irritation, or a throat irritation. They have only one of the three. Is there sufficient evidence to reject the hypothesis that the type of ear, nose, or throat irritation is independent of the age group at a level of significance equal to 0.05?   Age (years) Type of Irritation         18-29     30-44     45-64     65 and Older Eye 422 560 340   54 Nose 932 1324 802 101 Throat 247 309 142  24 (a) Find the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)(ii) Find the p-value. (Round your answer to four decimal places.)(b) State the appropriate conclusion. Reject the null hypothesis. There is not significant evidence that this sample contradicts the claim of independence.Reject the null hypothesis. There is significant evidence that this sample contradicts the claim of independence.    Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is not significant…

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1) a.What is/are the appropriate measure(s) of central tendency for each of the variables in Columns B-F? Explain your answers in no more than two sentences each. b. Calculate the measures of central tendencies above c. Imagine that a 21st run is added to your dataset. See the table below for its data Run Eth. Gly. Acid. Temp pH 21 18.2 7.2 2.1 18 4.2 d. Do these data points change your choices of central tendency reported in Question 2b? Explain your answer.           Attached dataset;  a            b              c              d           e            f Run Ethanol Glycerol Acidity Temp pH 1 4.8 3.5 0.84 24 3.8 2 9.6 7.3 0.27 24 3.8 3 10.2 7.2 0.27 24 3.8 4 8.5 5.1 0.55 24 3.8 5 7.3 3.2 0.68 24 3.1272 6 4.8 1.2 1.24 30 4.2 7 7.9 4.4 0.65 18 3.4 8 6.7 4.3 0.65 30 3.4 9 9.8 6.9 0.47 24 3.8 10 10.2 7.2 0.32 24 3.8 11 9.8 5.8 0.51 24 3.8 12 10.2 7.5 0.28 24 3.8 13 8.2 5.1 0.49 18 4.2 14 7.1 3.9 0.6 18 3.4 15 8.2 4.8 0.46 13.908 3.8 16 5.6 3.3…