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Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780078022159
Author: Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question

Transcribed Image Text:Which of the following are necessary parts of all recursive methods?
A tail call.
Tail-call optimization.
}
Backtracking.
One or more base cases.
One or more recursive calls.
Select all true statements about the method below:
private static int sumEveryThird (int sum, int num) {
if(num== 0) {
return sum;
}
else {
}
return sumEveryThird (sum + num, num-3);
The method may cause Stack Overflow error on some inputs.
The method contains one base case and one recursive call.
The method is recursive.
The method has a tail call.
The method will always cause Stack Overflow error.
Consider the following problem:
Maximum Potato Haul
A square n x n grid represents a potato field, and each cell in this 'field" has an integer representing the number of potatoes in that
cell, or o if it there are none (cell is empty).
Return the maximum number of potatoes you can collect under these conditions:
• Every time you are located in a cell you will collect all the potatoes in that cell.
• From your position, you can walk one step to the left, right, up, or down provided you stay on the grid.
• You can't visit the same cell more than once.
You can never visit a cell with o potatoes (empty cell).
• You can start and stop collecting potatoes from any position in the grid that is not empty.
You do not have to solve the Maximum Potato Haul problem (although it would make for great interview
practice!) but you should recognize some features of it.
Now select all true statements about this problem:
The only way to solve this problem is to use recursion.
There is a non-recursive solution to this problem.
Since current location on the field/grid is a key element of the solution, using the data structure Map is helpful.
This problem can be solved using recursion with backtracking.
There is a O(n) solution to this problem where n is the number of potatoes on the grid.
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- Do the trace in detail and submit The source Code As Well From the following recursive method Trace (in details) the calling of the above method with any input from your choice such that thereturned value will be 19. public static int think(int x) {if(x<10)if(x%2!=0)return x;elsereturn 0;elseif(x%2!=0)return x%10 + think(x/10);elsereturn think(x/10);}arrow_forwardin kotlin Write two versions of a recursive palindrome check function. One version should have a block body, and the other should have an expression body. Review the lecture slide about the substring function first. Use this algorithm: if the length of the string is less than 2, return true else if the first and last characters are not equal (!=) return false else return the result of a recursive call with the substring from the second character (the one at index 1) to the second to last character. Use a main that uses a loop to test the palindrome function using this list of strings: val ss = listOf("", "A", "AA", "AB", "AAA", "ABA", "ABB", "AAAA", "AABA", "ABBA", "ABCBA", "ABCAB")arrow_forwardWrite a recursive algorithm with the following prototype: int add (int x, int y); that returns x if y is 0; and adds x to y otherwise. THE FUNCTION MUST BE RECURSIVE. (hint: the base case should involve a test for y being 0; recursive case should reduce y towards 0)arrow_forward
- Why would you use recursion instead of a loop? Is there anything that can be done using recursion that can't be done with a loop?arrow_forwardAttached is a programming question and its Java solution. My question regarding the recursion part: 1. "arr.add(j)" but then "arr.remove(arr.size() - 1)" follows soon after, and I think nothing should be printed. How does the program still print out permutations? Is it because the recursive method call only recurse all instructions from the start of the recursion method to that line? Otherwise, say the input is "5", how does "5=1+1+1+1+1" get printed? 2. Does the recursion stop when "j<=n" evaluates false because of "for(int j = i; j <= n; j++)"? Otherwise, which line of code tells the recursion to stop?arrow_forward
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