Which of the following are characteristics of scientific theories? (select all that are correct) a) An guess at how the world works b) An hypothesis that has been supported across many experiments c) An untested idea d) An expert's opinion e) A testable idea about how the world works that is supported by objective data from multiple sources. f) An hypothesis that has been supported by some research but not supported by other research.

Which of the following statement(s) about natural (biological) and engineered systems is (are) true?a) Natural systems develop more slowly than engineered systems.b) Biological systems’ design is superior to engineered systems’ design.c) Biological and engineered systems have no constraints in common.d) Biological and engineered systems can be combined to achieve new functionalities.e) All of the above

The following are reasons why randomized control trials (RCTs) are not used to investigate all research questions, except:    a. RCTs can be expensive, which can make it difficult if funding is limited   b. RCTs can be time-consuming, and it may take months and sometimes years to obtain final results   c. For certain research questions and/or certain types of exposure variables, it may not be ethical to conduct an RCT   d. RCTs are less valid than observational analytical study designs

Explain why we need to control variables that are not being tested in an experiment?

1. Essentially, what is science?a) collection of factsb) systematic process for learning about the natural worldc) beliefs about the natural world based on faithd) the search for ultimate reality 2. The ultimate goal of science is to provide evidence that _____ .a) proves things absolutely trueb) disproves religious beliefsc) increases the quality of life for the greatest number possibled) is always applied to solving problems

Which of the following statements about science and religion is false? a) Both are different “ways of knowing” about the world. b) Scientific theories must be at least theoretically falsifiable, while religious beliefs (usually) are not. c) Religious beliefs are based on faith, scientific theories must be rigorously tested. d) Religion and science are totally incompatible and cannot exist side by side.

1a) Describe the general process of a scientific investigation. 1b) State one difference between science and pseudoscience.

what is a controlled experiment?

1) Summarize the main point of the study in two or three sentences.  (Make sure you use your own words). 2) Look at the citation at the beginning of the paper. Who is the first author of the paper?  And does this have any significance? 3) In one or two sentences, restate the title of the paper in a way that would be understandable to a member of the general public without a scientific background. And when was the paper published as well as who funded the research?

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