When the chromosomes of closely related species are compared, a. the banding patterns are often similar. b. a few structural alterations may be seen. c. a change in chromosome number may be seen. d. all of the above are commonly observed.

Q: 1. Errors in cellular division can lead to a, Polyploidy. b.Tetraploids. c.New gametic chromosomal…

A: The fundamental and active biological process by which a parent cell,  after replication of its…

Q: Humans have 23 chromosomes per set. A person with 45 chromosomescan be described as beinga.…

A: Normally, humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes i.e. 46 chromosomes in total. But sometimes, due to…

Q: Which of the following statements does not correctly describe the characteristics of homologous…

A: Homologous chromosomes- Two pieces of DNA, one from each parental source present in a diploid…

Q: Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed ofa. DNA. c. histones.b. proteins. d. All of the above

A: Chromosomes are the rod shaped, dark stained bodies which are most prominently seen in the metaphase…

Q: Staining eukaryotic chromosomes is useful because it makes it possible toa. distinguish chromosomes…

A: Eukaryotic chromosomes are the chromosomes having coiled structures of DNA in between protein…

Q: Telomeres in eukaryotic organisms perform several functions. Circle telomeric functions that are…

A: Telomere is a cap like structure present at the end of chromosome. It contain constitutive…

Q: . All the genes on one chromosome are said to form aa. chromosomal group.b. recombination group.c.…

A: All the genes on one chromosome are linked together on a continuous DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)…

Q: Homologous chromosomes come together and line up along their entire lengths A. in meiosis in…

A: Meiosis is a unique form of germ cell division in sexually reproducing animals that results in the…

Q: In an organism’s genome, autosomes are a. the chromosomes that differ between the sexes. b.…

A: Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with genetic material like DNA, RNA, inheritance.…

Q: In fruit flies, dosage compensation is achieved bya. X-chromosome inactivation.b. doubling the…

A: Dosage compensation refers to the mechanism of equalizing or balancing the expression of genes. It…

Q: The kinetochore is a structure that functions toa. connect the centromere to microtubules.b. connect…

A: Chromosomes are filamentous bodies present in the nucleus. They are composed of DNA(…

Q: Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosomes number of 2n=16? a. The species…

A: Meiosis is a reductional division which is responsible for producing the gametes from the diploid…

Q: In eukaryotes, the genetic material is found in chromosomes,a. and the more complex the organism,…

A: Eukaryotes are multicellular organisms that have a nucleus enclosed within membranes that comprises…

Q: Explain Species variations in the number and shape of chromosomes

A: Chromosomes are the threadlike structure of DNA and protein-containing genetic information. These…

Q: Which of these items have the same exact Genetic information/ Nucleotide Sequence.  a. Chromosome 1…

A: DNA is the carrier of hereditary information that transfers the genetic information from one…

Q: Which of the salt-marsh grasses is a polyploid? a. Spartina maritima b. Spartina alterniflora c.…

A: A type of speciation (sympatric) takes place with the help of polyploidy. Polyploidy refers to the…

Q: Which is NOT an affect of chromosomal translocations? A. Translocation breaks can disrupt existing…

A: In a translocation, a segment from one chromosome is transferred to a nonhomologous chromosome or to…

Q: Crossing-over is all of the following EXCEPT   A. rearranging genes to combine some of a person's…

A: Crossing over is the phenomenon or event in which exchange of genetic material takes place resulting…

Q: Humans with aneuploidy who survive usually have incorrect numbersof chromosome 13, 18, or 21 or the…

A: Aneuploidy involves the addition or deletion of one or more chromosomes, which is a part of a genome…

Q: A chromosome that is metacentric has its centromerea. at the very tip.b. near one end, but not at…

A: An eukaryotic chromosome consist of DNA and protein complex known as histones. They are organized in…

Q: In a trisomic individual, such as a person with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome),a genetic imbalance…

A: Trisomy 21 is a common genetic defect that is caused by chromosomal abnormalities. Trisomy 21 refers…

Q: In agriculture, an advantage of triploidy in plants is that the plants area. more fertile.b. often…

A: Ploidy refers to the number of chromosomes that occur in the nucleus of the living cell. Triploidy…

Q: Which of the following is correct as the polyploidization mechanism?    options:   A, Two related…

A: The correct answer is Option C. i.e. (Both A and B)

Q: #6: You are a young haploid male Honeybee. What is the probability that a gene in your genome is…

A: In honey bees, male is haploid while female is diploid. Such haplodiploidy is observed in some…

Q: Chromosome duplications often result in abnormal phenotypes because a. developmental processes…

A: Duplication is a type of mutation. It involves the production of more copies of a particular region…

Q: Can chromosome duplications cause negative effects to an organism? Why or why not?   A. No.…

A: In genetics, chromosome duplications can be described as a process that includes mutations causing…

Q: Errors in crossing-over can happen when...   Select one: a. Non-homologous chromosomes cross-over…

A: Unequal crossing over is a form of gene duplication or deletion in which a sequence in one strand is…

Q: An organism that has more chromosomes than is appropriate for its species is said to be O A.…

A: The chromosomes are the thread like substances found in the nucleus of the plants and animals. These…

Q: Which of the following technologies can best differentiate between a diploid wild banana and a…

A: Edible banana have either 22 , 33 or 44 chromosomes that represent diploid , triploid and…

Q: Which of the following mechanisms are important for generating new genotypes in species that…

A:

Q: According to the Lyon hypothesis,a. one of the X chromosomes is converted to a Barr body insomatic…

A: Lyon hypothesis, proposed by Mary Lyon states that the random inactivation of the X chromosome in…

Q: Plant species A has a diploid number of 8. Plant species B has a diploid number of 4. A new species,…

A: Variation in genomes can occur in many ways-  1) if the variations occur with in the number of…

Q: Which of the following best describes Klinefelter syndrome?   A. It is an example of aneuploidy.…

A: Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition that results when a boy is born with an extra copy of  X…

Q: A change in chromosome structure that does not involve a change in the total amount of genetic…

A: A chromosomal rearrangement involves the changes in the native structure of a chromosome.

Q: In addition to DNA swapping, another contributor to the uniqueness of eggs/sperm and people is…

A: Mutation  It is defined as a change that takes place in the DNA sequence. This alteration is due to…

Q: During the molecular process of homologous recombinationbetween homologous chromosomes,a. a Holliday…

A: Recombination ais the process where the genes are reassorted into different combinations.…

Q: ecies I has 2n = 12 chromosomes (AABBCCDDEEFF). A closely lated species (Species II) has 2n = 8…

A: Allotriploid species contains three sets of chromosomes from two different species. Its…

Q: The function of mitosis is: A. growth of the organism and tissue repair.   B. to ensure that each…

A: Mitosis is the phase of the cell cycle where the nucleus of a cell is divided into two nuclei with…

Q: If a tetraploid species gave rise to a new species by autopolyploidy, how many sets of homologous…

A: Introduction : The number of full sets of chromosomes in a cell, and thus the number of potential…

Q: Genetic linkage occurs becausea. genes that are on the same chromosome may affect thesame…

A: In nucleus of a cell – DNA is present in form of chromosomes. These are compact structure of DNA…

Q: Crossing-over occurs between Select one: O A Sister chromatids of the same chromosome. B. Two…

A: A cell biology is defined as the study of structure and function of the cell where the cell is the…

Q: A paracentric inversiona. includes the centromere within the inverted region.b. does not include the…

A: Inversion is a type of mutation in which the chromosome rearrangement takes place, in which a…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.